Ecology 10:1 What is Biodiversity?

The term biodiversity refers to

• the variety of species on Earth

• the extinction of the dinosaurs.

• habitat destruction, invasive exotic species, and poaching.

• the fact that 40 percent of prescription

  drugs come from living things

How many species, known and unknown, are estimated to be living on Earth?

• between 10,000 and 100,000

• between 500,000 and 1 million

• between 1 and 2 million

• possibly more than 10 million

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The level of biodiversity that involves a variety of habits and communities is

• ecosystem diversity

• genetic diversity.

• population diversity

• species diversity

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The human diet has been enriched with native food products such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, and corn that come from

• Pacific islands

• Southwest Asia

• Madagascar and Africa

• Central and South America

Reduction in the sea otter population affected the Pacific coast ecosystem by

• decreasing the biodiversity of the ecosystem.

• reducing the size of the sea urchin population.

• promoting the increased growth of the nearby kelp beds.

• increasing the biodiversity of the ecosystem.

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A(n) ____ is any species that is essential to the health of an ecosystem

• endangered species

• keystone species

• invasive species

• extinct species

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There are three levels of biodiversity that are observed in nature and studied worldwide.

The first level is ____ diversity, which refers to the variety of habitats, ecosystems, and ecological processes.

The next level is ____ diversity, which refers to variability between populations of species and between different species.

The third level is ____ diversity, which refers to the variability of genes within a population

• ecosystem, species, genetic

• genetic, ecocystem, species

• biodiversity, ecosystem, population

• population, community, genetic

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Most of the living species known to science

• are large mammals.

• live in deserts.

• live in the richer countries of the world.

• are insects.

Some species are so important to the functioning of an ecosystem that they are called

• threatened species.

• keystone species.

• endangered species.

• extinct species.

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When sea otters disappeared from the Pacific coast of North America,

• the area became overrun with kelp

• the number of fish in the kelp beds increased.

• the number of sea urchins in the kelp beds increased

• the area became overrun with brown seaweed.

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