Students fill a cart with books. The cart has a handle on each end. Which actions will make moving the cart in one direction easiest for the students?

• Student 1 pulls the cart to the left while Student 2 pulls the cart to the right.

• Student 1 pulls the cart to the left while Student 2 pushes the cart to the left.

• Student 1 pushes the cart to the right while Student 2 pushes the cart downward.

• Student 1 pushes the cart to the right while Student 2 pulls the cart upward.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A thin beam of light is shown in this picture. What does the picture demonstrate about light?

• Light and its reflections travel in straight lines.

• Light cannot reflect from more than one surface.

• Light that goes through water cannot travel in straight lines.

• Light can travel in a circular path.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

A student conducts the investigation shown in the diagram. In this experiment a paper cup hangs from a string tied to a single uncooked spaghetti noodle. The student measures and records the mass of a penny. The student then adds pennies to the paper cup one at a time. Which question is the student most likely trying to answer with this investigation?

• How many spaghetti noodles will it take to hold up the mass of a penny?

• How much force will it take to break the spaghetti noodle?

• How long should the string that holds the paper cup be in order to support the greatest mass of pennies?

• How does the distance between the two chairs affect the amount of force it takes for the spaghetti noodle to break?

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A student builds a circuit allowing the light bulbs to light, the buzzers to make sound, and the motors to turn. Which two switches can be open and still allow all of the parts to work?

• Switches 1 and 3

• Switches 1 and 4

• Switches 2 and 3

• Switches 3 and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

Eight activities that use energy are listed in the box. Each of these activities requires the use of which kind of energy?

• Thermal

• Mechanical

• Electrical

• Sound

Which of these devices is the only one NOT designed to produce both sound and light energy?

• 
• 
• 
• 

The picture shows an athlete hitting a ball with a tennis racquet.

What is the athlete demonstrating in the picture?

• Doing work by pushing the ball and changing its motion and position

• Changing the position but not the motion of the ball

• Doing work by pulling the racquet and changing the ball’s position but not its motion

• Changing the position and motion of the ball without doing any work

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Some students are feeding a crab in an aquarium. They use tongs to place the food directly in front of the crab. The students look through the side of the aquarium. They notice that the image of the tongs appears to break as the tongs enter the water.

Which property of light are the students observing in this situation?

• Light can be refracted and separated into different colors as it moves from air to a different medium.

• Light is refracted as it moves from one medium to another medium.

• Light travels in a straight line and can be reflected off the surface of water.

• Light is absorbed by water and reflected off glass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

This circuit has five light-emitting diode, or LED, lights. It also has one battery and one switch. Which LEDs produce light when the switch is in the position shown?

• LEDs 1, 3, and 4 only

• LEDs 1, 2, 3, and 4

• LEDs 3 and 4 only

• LEDs 1, 3, 4, and 5

Students design an experiment to determine how much force is needed to move blocks of wood of different masses slowly across a lab table. Which procedure should students include in their design?

• Conduct five trials, using a different scale to pull each block of wood

• Conduct five trials, pulling a different side of each block each time

• Conduct five trials, using a different table for each trial

• Conduct five trials, pulling each block of wood in the same way for each trial

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2