Lesson 44:Evolution

Scientists have used the _________________ record to provide evidence for evolution, showing a sequence within Earth's rock layers from simple bacteria to more complex organisms through geologic time.

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_______________ refers to having the same or similar relation.

• descended

• primary

• original

• homologous

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Darwin observed that the variation in the beaks of finches living in the Galapagos Islands is useful for -

• building a nest.

• gathering food.

• hatching eggs.

• protecting their young.

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A structure that seems to serve no purpose in an organism is called -

• vestigial.

• homologous.

• fossilized.

• divergent.

Vestigial structures have no apparent function in organisms. The presence of vestigial structures, however, seems to indicate that -

• these organisms have similar habitat requirements.

• structures change over time.

• these organisms have a similar number of chromosomes.

• these organisms have identical blood components.

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A(n) ______________ is a descendant; a child of a particular parent.

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The concept of common descent relies on the fact that -

• the gene pool naturally changes over time.

• plants and animals in a specific environment typically have little diversity.

• closely related organisms have more genes in common than distantly related organisms.

• organisms with favorable traits are more likely to reproduce,

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What is represented in the image above?

• genetics

• fossils

• homology

• vestigial structures

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Select all answers below that describe scientific evidence supporting Darwin's theory of evolution.

• Structures that serve little or no useful purpose in an organism

• The distribution of plants and animals in a specific environment

• Organisms that do not share common genes

• Fossil documentation of the course of life through time

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Select all statements that describe the theory of natural selection.

• Organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive.

• It is the primary mechanism by which organisms change over time.

• Organisms with favorable traits are less likely to reproduce.

• It is also known as survival of the fittest.

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