Opening Lines, Latin 1, 04.11.22

What is the meaning of this Latin phrase?

in rāmīs arbōris

• the tree's branches

• the branches of the trees

• in the branches of the tree

• under the tree's branches

Answer explanation

in rāmīs = in the branches

but arbōris (with a short is) means of the tree.

remember; -īs and -is are different case endings!

What is the meaning of this Latin phrase?

agrī vīllārum vīcīnārum

• the field of the neighboring villa

• the fields of the neighboring villas

• the villas of the neighboring fields

• the neighboring fields of the villagers

Answer explanation

-ārum is the ending for plural feminine nouns or adjectives in the genitive, or possessive case.

What is the meaning of this Latin phrase?

canēs olfaciunt tunicae servī fugitīvī

• the dogs sniff the tunic of the fugitive slave.

• the smelly dogs see the slave-girl's tunic

• the tunics smell like fugitive slaves

• the dogs sniff the slave-girls' tunics

Answer explanation

there is only one tunic, so tunicae is genitive.

there is only one fugitive slave, so servī fugitīvī are both singular gentives

What is the meaning of this Latin phrase?

Rōmānōrum laetōrum magister discipulōrum

• the happy teacher of the girl Roman students.

• the happy Roman students of the boy teacher

• the happy Latin teacher of the boy students

• the teacher of the happy boy Latin students

Answer explanation

magister is the subject of the sentence as we know from our case ending

Rōmānōrum, laetōrum, and discipulōrum all end in -ōrum, which is a plural genitive ending, so they all go together.

Which of the following are singular gentive endings?

(check all that apply)

• -r / -us

• -ae

• -ī

• -e

Answer explanation

-ae and -ī are both genitive singular endings; they show possession when they are attached to SINGULAR words.

Which of the following are plural genitive endings?

(check all that apply)

• -ōrum

• -ibus

• -ās

• -ōs

• -ārum

Answer explanation

-ārum and -ōrum

both show possession for plural nouns, feminine and masculine

-ās and -ōs are both object (accustive) case endings!