Visualization

What is the primary problem with using 3-D perspective, as in this pie chart?

• The perspective distorts the sizes of segments and angles.

• The perspective makes the rear labels difficult to read.

• The perspective makes the rear segments appear too large.

• The black ring on the bottom can be confused for data.

Anscombe's quartet illustrates the idea that _____.

• data does not have to be linear

• it is very important to calculate statistical summaries first

• very different data can have identical statistical summaries

• outliers can skew statistical interpretations of data

What must you absolutely do first before building a bar chart?

• Divide the data into categories or groups.

• Compute frequencies and sums.

• Learn to program in R, Processing.js, Python, or a similar language.

• Enter the data into a spreadsheet.

Flauta is involved in a project looking at product quality versus production temperature, raw material acidity, and curing time. How can she best begin to visualize this data?

• in a scatterplot matrix

• by searching for outliers

• by creating contour maps

• in a 4-D scatterplot

In this scatterplot, which point is a bivariate outlier that dominates the estimates of the slope and intercept of the regression line?

• ($112, $102)

• ($101, $92)

• ($92, $116)

• ($103, $104)

What are pie charts most useful for displaying?

• average values

• frequencies

• ranges

• percentages

Why is this pie chart difficult to interpret?

• The labels should be radially aligned.

• It is very difficult to tell the difference in the sizes of similar pie segments.

• The colors are not contrasting enough.

• The largest segment should be on the top, not on the right.

How would you improve the readability of this bar chart?

• by putting the categories in reverse alphabetical order

• by putting the category with the largest number of followers in the middle

• by ordering the categories with decreasing number of followers from left to right

• by filling each category with a different color

How does a grouped bar chart differ from a standard bar chart?

• A grouped bar chart presents two or more properties per category.

• A grouped bar chart lumps categories into groups.

• A grouped bar chart orders the categories in descending order by property.

• A grouped bar chart has two or more measures per bar.

What is the primary utility of line charts in business?

• for finding peaks in data

• for displaying asymmetry

• for communicating proportions and frequencies

• for assessing change over time