Evolution & Genetics Review

A paleontologist found a fossil that resembles a modern-day organism. Which would most likely help the paleontologist prove that the two species are related?

• Comparing where the fossil was found to where the modern species lives

• Comparing plate tectonics and rock layers

• Comparing the fossil's structure to the modern-day organism's structure

• Analyzing rock composition

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

_______________ is the process that is most responsible for plant/animal extinctions on Earth?

• Environmental Changes

• Gene mutations

• Selective breeding

• Adaptations

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What is an example of comparative anatomy?

• Comparing the body structures of similar organisms

• Studying the body structure of one species

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Why do scientists use a system of biological classification?

• To help scientists discover new species of organisms

• To sort species based off of where their fossils were found

• To gather meaningful information by studying organisms' relationships

What is an analogous structure?

• A body structure in two species with the same function but different structure

• A body structure in two species with different function but the same structure

• A body structure in two species that is identical in every way

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

An example of an analogous structure is...

• The front limbs of humans and whales

• The wings of birds and butterflies

• The gills of a fish and lungs of a mammal

• The fur of different mammals

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A vegetable farmer finds that some of his crops survive a hard freeze while others do not. What best explains why some of his crops were able to survive?

• The crops adapted to the cold and survived

• Some crops had genetic variations that allowed them to be more freeze-resistant

• The crops reproduced rapidly to replace those lost to frost

• Some colors of crops were able to survive and tolerate the cold while others were not

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Evidence shows that a species of deer was much smaller than modern deer. What explains the evolutionary changes in this species of deer?

• Larger deer were more adept at finding food

• Smaller deer were better at avoiding predators

• As habitat increased, so did deer size

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What type of species would most likely have the best chance for survival?

• A species with a lot of genetic variation

• A species with identical individuals

• A species with little genetic variation

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How do genetic variation and the ability to adapt to one's environment relate?

• Organisms with certain traits are more adapted to survive in certain environments and then pass on their traits

• Organisms with little genetic variation are never suited to environments

• Organisms with much genetic variation are suited to any environments

• Genetic variation allows species to adapt immediately to their environments

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