Gel electrophoresis

In preparation for an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

• convert the DNA into gel

• cut the DNA into fragments

• change the color of the DNA

• produce longer sections of DNA

A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

• larger, and move slower

• larger, and move faster

• smaller, and move faster

• smaller, and move slower

This technique used to analyze DNA involves the

• synthesis of new DNA strands from subunits

• separation of DNA fragments based on size

• production of genetically engineered DNA molecules

• removal of defective genes from DNA

Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

• Bob
• Sue
• John
• Lisa

DNA fingerprinting works because

• Most genes are dominant
• All organisms contain RNA
• The most important genes are different among most people
• No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

Why do the fragments of DNA in gel electrophoresis travel away from the negative electrode?

• DNA is negatively charged so attracted to the positive end of the unit
• DNA is positively charged to attracted to the negative end of the unit
• the agarose gel in negatively charged
• the agarose gel is positively charged

In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear

• closest to the starting wells
• farthest from the starting wells
• three quarters away from the starting wells
• it depends on how many fragments there are

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?

• It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing
• It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample
• It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster
• It charges the DNA strands

Once DNA has been extracted from the nucleus of a cell, it is exposed to ______ ______ that act like biochemical scissors to cut the DNA.

• restriction enzymes

• gel agarose

• clotting factors

• electric shock

Which two bat species are most closely related?

•  Bat 1 and Bat 2
• Bat 1 and Bat 3
• Bat 2 and Bat 3
• There’s no way to tell