Evolution All Review

Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin’s observation of local variation among tortoises in the Galápagos Islands? 

• artificial selection
• adaptation
• acquired characteristics
• tendency towards perfection

Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection? 

• More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
• The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest. 
• The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
• Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.

A change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information

• mutation

• fitness

• transformation

By looking at the genes of some animals we can determine which living species are most closely related to each other. This also reveals which species most recently diverged from their common ancestor.

Based on the partial gene segments shown, which pair of animals are genetically most closely related and therefore most recently diverged from their common ancestor?

• Chimpanzee and Mouse

• Rat and Mouse

• Rat and Chimpanzee

Please select all correct answers that apply, based on the cladogram shown

• Sharks and Primates do not have a common ancestor.

• Crocodiles and Amphibians are more closely related than Birds and Sharks.

• Rodents and Rabbits do have Eggs with Shells.

• Sharks have more of the traits shown than of all of the other organisms.

• Birds have all of the shown traits that Sharks have, but Sharks do not have all of the shown traits that Birds have.

Various species show similar developmental patterns as embryos.

• DNA similarities

• Anatomical Homology

• Embryology

• All of the above

Select ALL the parts of Natural Selection.

• overproduction

• evolution

• variation

• selection

• competition

What type of structure does this image illustrate?

• Analogous structures

• Homologous structures

• Vestigial structures

A category of structures that have a similar function, but are structurally different.

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Common core structures

A type of structure that is physically present, but does not seem to serve a significant function for an organism.

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• Standard structure