Ohio EOC Government Review

Federalism is one of the basic principles established in the U.S. Constitution.

Describe how government in the United States reflects a federal structure.

• The US has different levels of government (national, state and local) with most power being held at the national level.

• States have most of the power in a federal system.

• The US is a unitary system of government.

• The Articles of Confederation allowed for power to be vested at the national level.

Which branch enforces (also called executing or carrying out) laws?

• legislative

• executive

• judicial

Which branch of government makes laws?

• legislative

• executive

• judicial

The Necessary and Proper Clause is shown below:

"The Congress shall have Power ... To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof."

Why did Federalists want to include this clause in the Constitution?

• To protect the individual liberties of all citizens.

• To provide a guarantee of sovereignty to individual states.

• To allow the national government to efficiently run the country.

• To give citizens more opportunities to select government officials.

The Federal Reserve purchases and sells government securities, adjusts the reserve requirement, and adjusts the discount rate to produce certain economic outcomes.

What is one outcome the Federal Reserve might want to produce when purchasing government securities?

• Increasing interest rates

• Reducing the money supply

• Fostering economic expansion

• Fostering economic contraction

Which concept was at the center of the Anti-Federalist position as expressed in the "Anti-Federalist Papers"?

• Standing Army

• Limited Government

• Checks and balances

• Strong central government

How can a bill become a law, even after a President veto's it? 

• 2/3 vote of all state legislators
• 2/3 vote of Congress
• Survey the citizens of the country and see if they would like the bill passed
• 2/3 vote of the Supreme Court 

Which of the following is not a power of state governments? 

• Print money
• Raise sales tax
• Conduct elections
• Ratify constitutional amendments

Define popular sovereignty.

• governmental authority is derived from the people. Under this principle, government governs with the consent of the governed.

• people choose the Supreme Court justices.

• the government must adhere to strict rules.

• checks and balances are a key principle in the Constitution.

Define limited government.

• government can only spend the money that's available.

• government can only exercise the powers granted to it. Government must be conducted according to the rule of law.

• limits are given on the number of senators that a state has.

• people grant power to the government.