7th grade Science Review

The pictures below show a rainforest tree canopy on the left and a toucan that lives in this tree canopy on the right. Select three explanations for why this rain forest tree canopy best supports populations of toucans.

• It has trees with fruits for food

• It provides many places to nest and reproduce

• It has a lot of sunlight to stay warm

• It has tall plants to stay above ground predators

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The picture shows where oranges are grown in the United States. Oranges require a very long growing season with mild to hot weather.What is the most likely reason many of the oranges are grown in California?

• There are more organisms that eat oranges in California than in any other states.

• California has a climate that creates a good environment for growing oranges.

• Oranges will only grow in states on the coast with environments near water.

• Oranges will only grow in sandy soil that few of the other states have.

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This picture shows a desert environment, which is home to many lizards, small mammals, and cacti and other plants with short roots. This environment allows some plants and animals to live there because the soil in the desert is

• dry and hard, allowing small animals to lay on the hard soil to get sunlight while allowing plants with short roots to sit on top of the soil and hold onto water.

• dry and sandy, allowing small animals to burrow and hide from the Sun while allowing plants with short roots to reach and hold onto water.

• wet and hard, allowing small animals to rest and stay cool on the wet soil while allowing plants with short root systems to push through the hard soil to soak up water.

• cold and wet, allowing small animals to remain cool when it rains while allowing plants with short root systems to easily push through sandy soil to soak up water

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The picture below shows a scoop of soil that a student dug up from her school yard. How does the soil environment support the earthworm in the student's hands?

• It is moist and cool with decaying debris

• It gets a lot of sunlight so the earthworm can see

• It has excessive oxygen for the earthworm to breath

• It has clay for the earthworm to form holding tunnels

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Tropical rain forests have the greatest biodiversity of any type of land ecosystem. How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of an ecosystem?

• All of the above

• The presence of a variety of herbivore species that can feed on a large number of different producer species helps ensure abundant prey for predators in the ecosystem.

• Greater genetic variation within species makes it more likely that some individuals will survive a disease outbreak.

• The presence of more species with different adaptations makes it more likely that some organisms will survive an ecological disaster.

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When an ecosystem contains many different species, there are usually a high number of links in its food web. How does this affect the sustainability of the ecosystem?

• Typically, if one link in the food web is removed, the ecosystem will no longer exist.

• Typically, if one link in the food web is added, the ecosystem will destabilize.

• Typically, if one link in the food web is removed, the ecosystem will remain stable.

• Typically, if one link in the food web is added, the ecosystem will change its location.

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An ecosystem's sustainability is most dependent on?

• warm temperatures.

• the amount of water there.

• having a large number of a single plant species.

• the number and variety of organisms that live there.

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Which ecosystem would most likely survive if the grasses were destroyed by a plant virus?

• Ecosystem 2, because there are not many predators.

• Ecosystem 2, because the grasses could grow back quickly.

• Ecosystem 1, because there is a variety of producers that support the ecosystem

• Ecosystem 1, because there are fewer primary consumers.

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Both primary and secondary succession begin with pioneer species that

• use up all the existing resources and prevent establishment of non-native organisms

• modify the area and allow larger and more complex organisms to appear

• change the area and make it safer from predatory organisms

• invade the area so that new organisms cannot be established

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Frederick is studying how ecological succession will change a freshly-plowed piece of land. Which data table represents what Frederick is most likely to record about the plant life in each stage of ecological succession?

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