Cosmic Phenomena Review

How did the universe originate?

• An alternate universe that was reborn

• A single point of energy that expanded

• From an inverted black hole

• A ball of atoms

Answer explanation

The universe originated from a single point of energy that expanded, known as the Big Bang theory.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

What color of light is emitted by galaxies moving away from us?

• Blue

• Pink

• Yellow

• Red

Answer explanation

Galaxies moving away from us exhibit redshift, causing the light they emit to shift towards the red end of the spectrum, hence appearing red.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

What do the dense and less dense regions of the CMB match with in the present universe?

• Black holes and supernovas

• Stars and planets

• Groups of galaxies and empty areas of space

• Dark matter and dark energy

Answer explanation

The dense and less dense regions of the CMB match with groups of galaxies and empty areas of space in the present universe.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

What percent of the universe is dark matter?

• 5%

• 10%

• 25%

• 70%

Answer explanation

Dark matter makes up approximately 25% of the universe, hence the correct answer is 25%.

What creates gravity?

• A center of mass in large spherical objects

• The rippling of spacetime due to the spinning of celestial objects

• Law of electrostatic attraction

• The curvature of spacetime due to the mass of matter

Answer explanation

Gravity is created by a center of mass in large spherical objects, which causes a curvature in spacetime due to the mass of matter.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

What was originally hypothesized about an expanding universe?

• Dark matter was powering dark energy, causing an expansion

• The expansion was not real but a gravitational illusion

• Gravity would overcome expansion

• Expansion would slow due to cold temperatures in empty space

Answer explanation

The correct hypothesis was that gravity would overcome expansion in an expanding universe.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Empty space is nothing and has no properties to it.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Empty space may not have physical properties, but it can have conceptual properties like volume or potential energy. Therefore, it is not accurate to say it has no properties, making the statement false.

Dark energy and dark matter are closely related.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Dark energy and dark matter are not closely related. They are two distinct concepts in astrophysics.

Which of the following can dark matter interact with?

• Light

• Regular matter

• Both of the choices

• None of the choices

Answer explanation

Dark matter does not interact with light or regular matter, hence it does not interact with any of the choices provided.

How do we know that dark matter exists?

• Because of the expansion of the universe

• Because of how it impacts gravity

• Because of the dark color of empty space

• Because of the radiation it emits

Answer explanation

Dark matter is known to exist because of how it impacts gravity, affecting the motion of galaxies and bending light in gravitational lensing.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4