Module 11: Innate Immunity

Which of the following statements best describes the innate branch of the immune system?

• You are born with the components of the innate immune system and it is responsible for a general response to invaders

• The innate immune system develops over a person's lifetime and prevents external microbes form gaining access to the body

• You are born with the components of the innate immune system and it is responsible for a specific response to invaders

• The innate immune system develops over a person's lifetime and tries to eliminate microbes that gain access to the body

What does it mean that the immune system needs to recognize "self" from "non-self"?

• Immune cells should attack healthy body cells

• Immune cells need to be able to recognize themselves

• Immune cells should only recognize and attack invaders/infected cells

• Immune cells should only recognize microbes

What part of innate immune cells is capable of recognizing invaders?

• Pathogen-associated molecular patterns

• Spike proteins

• Complement binding activators

• Pattern recognition receptors

The lymphoid pathway of blood cell maturation is responsible for what cells?

• Platelets and Red Blood cells

• T cells and B cells

• Monocytes and neutrophils

• Eosinophils and basophils

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways the microbiome contributes to the innate immune system?

• Creation of antibiotics

• Competes with pathogens for space/nutrients

• Immune stimulation

• Secretion of toxins

Which of the following correctly states one of the outcomes of the complement pathway?

• Activation of B cells

• Prevention of inflammation

• Restriction of phagocytosis

• Lysis of a target cell

You are studying macrophages in the laboratory to examine the process of phagocytosis. When you look at at your sample under the microscope you see a macrophage that has pseudopods surrounding a bacterial cell. What stage of phagocytosis are you witnessing?

• Phagosome maturation

• Engulfment

• Destruction/Digestion

• Chemotaxis

All of the following are included in the four cardinal signs of inflammation EXCEPT

• Tissue damage

• Redness

• Heat

• Swelling

If you were trying to determine the ratio of white blood cell types in a patient, you should order

• A PAMP panel

• A differential count

• A complete blood count

• A neutrophil panel

Immune cells in a person infected with COVID-19 would be releasing ______, which acts as an antiviral and would aid in interfering with COVID-19 replication.

• Complement proteins

• Interferon

• Globulins in blood

• All of the above