Unit 6: Civil Rights and Post WWII

Development of better technology and less reliance on agriculture after World War II had which effect on Georgia’s growth?

• More citizens wanted to work in farm areas

• Georgia’s importance in the Southeast decreased

• Georgia’s urban areas grew rapidly

• The state’s growth slowed drastically

Ivan Allen, a businessman, was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1962. Some of the actions he took as mayor included the following:

• Made an official statement that there were no racial problems in Atlanta

• Ordered the immediate removal of the "Colored" and "White" signs on all entrances and exits to City Hall.

• Ordered all schools in Atlanta to be segregated.

• Hired eight African American police officers for restricted duties, an unheard of move.

William Hartsfield served as mayor of Atlanta for 6 terms. He is known for the following:

• Ordered the removal of "Colored" and "White" signs on entrances and exits to City Hall.

• Made an official statement that there were no racial issues in the city of Atlanta.

• Used a gun and an ax handle to chase African Americans away from his restaurant.

• Helped in the area of civil rights and developed the city as an aviation hub.

What was one way that Georgia protested having to integrate its public schools?

• Georgia fired the Board of Education.

• Georgia Legislators voted to change the state flag to include the Confederate battle emblem.

• Georgia Legislators closed public schools until the courts ordered them re-opened.

• Georgia did nothing to protest and schools were integrated without incident.

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), headquartered in Atlanta,

• Was organized by activists posing as students.

• Was actually a militant group

• Focused its activities entirely on school integration

• Was a group of students who helped organize protests, boycotts, and voter registration.

The Albany Movement was an effort to desegregate Albany that

• Was planned and led by Martin Luther King, Jr.

• Successfully spread to other southwestern Georgia towns.

• Failed in its objective but taught valuable lessons.

• Resulted in bloody riots.

The act that prohibited racial discrimination in employment and labor unions and in public facilities was the

• national Labor Unions Act of 1955

• Equal Employment Opportunity Act

• Fair Housing Act of 1954

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

In August 1963, civil rights leaders organized a massive rally in the nation's capital to urge passage of President Kennedy's civil rights bill. The high point came when MLK Jr., gave his "I Have a Dream" speech to more than 200,000 marchers in front of the Lincoln Memorial.

• Albany Movement

• March on Washington

• Sibley Commission

According to the Sibley Commission...

• most Georgians would rather close public school than integrate them.

• the majority of Georgia voters supported the desegregation of schools.

• the citizens of Georgia wanted the Government to solve the desegregation issues as quickly as possible.

• the General Assembly and the Georgia citizens had opposing issues on integrating schools.

The Supreme Court decision that declared "separate but equal" school unconstitutional?

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Worchester v. Georgia

• Dred Scott v. Sanford