Evolution Review

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• Because they come from recessive alleles.

• Because they come from dominant alleles.

• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth is more fit for this new environment?

• dark moth

• light moth

• both are equally fit

• both are equally unfit

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• fossil A and C are the same age

• Fossils A is older than fossil B

• Fossil B is older than fossil C

• Fossil D is older than fossil C

What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?

• species change over time

• extinct species are not related to living species

• different species can interbreed

• animals that look alike are most closely related

The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its natural environment is called

• natural selection

• evolution

• adaptation

• descent with modification

• fitness

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

• vestigial structure

• analogous structure

• homologous structure

• embryological structure

Which of the following produce variation in a population?

• mutations

• asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

• mitosis

Structures with the same parts but different functions suggest that organisms share a common ancestry and are called:

• homologous

• vestigial

• analogous

• adaptive

 The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

• Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

• Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

• Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

• Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence

• no proteins in common

• exactly the same DNA sequences

• completely different DNA sequence