ACT Revision Conference - Musculoskeletal System

In the downwards phase of this lateral raise, which muscle is the agonist at the shoulder joint and how is it contracting?

• Latissimus dorsi - eccentrically

• Latissimus dorsi - concentrically

• Deltoids - eccentrically

• Deltoids - concentrically

Which two of the following are characteristics of type 2b/llb muscle fibres?

• High resistance to fatigue

• High force of contraction

• High capillary density

• High speed of contraction

The oxygen store in the muscle cell is called...

The side bend exercise shown is what kind of movement?

• Extension of the waist

• Flexion of the trunk

• Rotation of the body

• Lateral flexion of the trunk

The best types of exercise to reduce the risk of osteoporosis are...

• Resistance training

• Low/no impact exercise

• Weight-bearing exercise

Which of the following are adaptations of the muscular system?

• Hypertrophy

• Capilliarisation

• Increased tolerance to lactate

• Increased myoglobin stores

• Increased bone density

How do synergist muscles work with agonists?

In the exercise shown, what role is the erector spinae muscle undertaking?

• Agonist

• Antagonist

• Synergist

• Fixator

The role of osteoclasts is...

• To build new bone tissue

• To help attach ligaments

• To increase calcium stores in the bone

• To break old bone tissue down

Which of the following movements are controlled by the latissimus dorsi?

• Adduction of shoulder

• Elevation of the shoulder

• Extension of shoulder

• Rotation of shoulder