Scientific method

1.     (2004-44) Early classification systems consisted of two kingdoms; Plantae and Animalia. What scientific development allowed taxonomists to establish the Monera and Protista kingdoms?

•     Development of Koch’s postulates

• Creation of electrophoresis

• Discovery of DNA

•      Invention of the electron microscope

    

          

 Harvester ants often strip a bush of all of its leaves. Some people believe this helps the plant grow thicker, healthier stems.    In an experiment, a student stripped off all the leaves from a set of plants. In a second set of identical plants, the student allowed ants to strip off the plants’ leaves.

In order to improve this experimental design, it is most important to add a set of plants —

•    of a different species

• with its leaves left intact

• exposed to a different ant species

• that are dormant

 

11.  Which of the following demonstrates the correct order for the scientific process?   

• a.     making observations, making a hypothesis, conducting an experiment, collecting data, forming a conclusion

• forming a hypothesis, making observations,  experimenting, forming a conclusion

• designing a controlled experiment, collecting data, forming a hypothesis, forming a conclusion

• making observations, forming a conclusion, conducting an experiment, collecting data

.  An experiment was conducted to test the effectiveness of four different fertilizers on plant growth.  Two grams of each fertilizer were diluted in 9 milliliters (mL) of water before adding to a plant.  Which of the following measuring devices would introduce the least error into the measurement of the 9 mL of water?

• 20 mL graduated cylinder

• 100 mL graduated cylinder

• 10 mL graduated cylinder

• 50 mL graduated cylinder

 

3.  Data about the climate in an ecosystem were collected for 30 years.  Which hypothesis about a population of eagles could be made based on the climate data collected?   

• Eagle chick survival is directly related to annual rainfall amounts.

• An outbreak of disease in 1987 killed 82% of the eagle population.

• Eagles remain with the same mate throughout their lifetime.

• Mortality of eagles from pesticides after 1992 was less than 5%.