ES_U1_Formative

This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round.

• Savanna

• Boreal forest

• Tropical rain forest

• Desert

Which of the following pathways indicate how nitrogen is added to the largest nitrogen reservoir?

• Nitrifying bacteria and lightning

• Decomposing plant and animal material

• Denitrifying bacteria and volcanic activity

• Nitrates taken up by plant roots

Which of the following statements is true of aquatic biomes?

• Freshwater and marine biomes are evenly distributed on Earth.

• Freshwater biomes are a vital source of drinking water

• Freshwater biomes supply a greater portion of Earth’s oxygen than marine biomes

• Marine biomes include streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes

Which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide, is not represented in this diagram?

• Algae

• Soil bacteria

• The Moon

• The ocean

Based on the diagram above, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Decomposition

• Burning of fossil fuels

Based on the diagram above, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Decomposition

• Burning of fossil fuels

Which of the following biomes is best characterized as an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water) ?

• Open ocean

• Lakes

• Coral reefs

• Intertidal zones

The X in a cell indicates that the organism is eaten by the consumer in the first column.

Based on the data in the table, which of the following pairs of organisms has two ecological relationships, both competition and predation?

• Spiders and shrews

• Hawks and snakes

• Spiders and snakes

• Spiders and grasshoppers

The X in a cell indicates that the organism is eaten by the consumer in the first column.

Based on the data in the table, if the number of snakes were to suddenly decrease, which of the following changes would most likely occur in the food web of this ecosystem?

• increase in number of shrews decrease in number of hawks

• increase in number of hawks decrease in number of shrews

• increase in number of grasshoppers decrease in number of plants

• increase in number of spiders decrease in number of plants

The X in a cell indicates that the organism is eaten by the consumer in the first column.

Which of the following categories of organisms, which are required for the cycling of matter in an ecosystem, is missing from the table?

• Producers

• Primary consumers

• Secondary consumers

• Decomposers