Personality Theories

Which of the following individuals is generally recognized for initiating the development of behaviorism?

• ​John B. Watson.

• 
  

  ​Alfred Adler.

• Albert Bandura.

• ​Hans Eysenck.

One’s belief about one’s ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes is called

• ​self-concept.

• self-actualization.

• ​self-confidence.

• self-efficacy.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on the idea that

• many drives are learned through observation.

• perceived needs are a function of self-concept.

• some needs are more basic than others.

• 
  

  ​most needs are a reaction to unconscious anxiety.

Belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable – and nothing else.

• Psychoanalysis

• Behaviorism

• Observation

• Seeing-Is-Believing

The consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of a person.

• Character

• Persistence

• Personality

• Quirks

A tendency to react to a situation in a way that remains stable over time.

• Stability

• Calmness

• Characteristic

• Trait

The part of the mind that contains inherited instincts, urges, and memories common to all people.

• Collective Unconscious

• Ego

• Collective Conscious

• Superego

A school of psychology that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of maximum potential by each unique individual.

• Humanistic Psychology

• Psychoanalytic Psychology

• Cultural Psychology

• Behavioral Psychology

The perception that individual’s significant others value them for what they are, which leads the individuals to grant themselves the same favorable opinion or view.

• Unconditional Negative Regard

• Completely Unaccepted Regard

• Unconditional Positive Regard

• Completely Accepted Regard

Certain specific means by which the ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances.

• Unconscious Karate

• Hypnosis

• Blockading

• Defense Mechanism