Birmingham 1963 - Chapter 1

Why did Carolyn Maull participate in the Children March?

• Her friends were participating, so she decided to participate too.

• She didn’t want to go to school, and this was a good way to skip.

• She was asked to participate by her teachers and parents.

• She wanted to fight for racial equality.

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Select the piece of evidence from the text that best supports your answer to the previous question:

• “On May 3, 1963, 14-year-old Carolyn Maull skipped school to meet at the church and march with hundreds of other students” (Tougas 4).

• “... there was too much noise for Carolyn to enjoy the spring day as she marched along” (Tougas 4).

• “After hearing civil rights leaders speak at her church, Carolyn wanted to be part of an important movement to end racial discrimination” (Tougas 4).

• “The children had wanted to talk to the city’s mayor about desegregating downtown stores” (Tougas 4).

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Carolyn was aware of all of the possible consequences except

• She could be arrested and sent to jail.

• Police could release attack dogs on the crowd.

• Firefighters could use their hoses to spray down the marchers.

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What possible effect can turning a fire hose to full strength have?

• It can strip bark off a tree.

• It can tear a brick from a building.

• It can knock a person to the ground.

• All of the above.

Which of the following quotes best describes the effect the fire hose had on Carolyn?

• “‘The water stung like a whip and hit like a cannon,’ said Carolyn… ‘The force of it knocked you down like you weighed only 20 pounds, pushing people around like rag dolls’” (Tougas 7).

• “One by one, students who had been standing toppled to the ground” (Tougas 7).

• “Those who were sitting were swept down the street like twigs in a raging river” (Tougas 7).

• “‘We tried to hold onto the building, but that was no use’” (Tougas 7).

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What was the name of the Birmingham Commissioner of Public Safety who led much of the violence inflicted on the protestors?

• Eugene “Bull” Connor

• Ralph Abernathy

• Fred Shuttlesworth

• Charles Moore

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What ended the protest that day?

• The firefighters were arrested for using their fire hoses on the protestors.

• The protest became too violent, and city leaders feared for the safety of the children.

• The parents of the protestors showed up and took their children home.

• Birmingham’s white businesspeople decided to negotiate with the protestors.

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What is the name of the photographer who captured powerful photographs of the protests that day?

• Eugene “Bull” Connor

• Ralph Abernathy

• Fred Shuttlesworth

• Charles Moore

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How did the picture of Carolyn being hit with a fire hose most impact the Civil Rights movement?

• The picture brought national and international attention to the realities of the movement and the harsh treatment inflicted on African-Americans.

• The picture made important white leaders realize that all people should be treated equally, so they began to desegregate society.

• The picture made Americans realize that children were willing to protest racial inequality as well.

• The picture made Carolyn famous, which gave her the opportunity to speak about racial inequality all over the country.

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Select the piece of evidence from the text that best supports your answer to the previous question:

• “That day a 32-year-old news photographer… snapped a picture of Carolyn and two teen boys being slammed against a building by a blast of water” (Tougas 10).

• “Americans could no longer deny or ignore the fact that the country was split into two worlds”(Tougas 10).

• “But Carolyn Maull was about to call the world’s attention to what was happening” (Tougas 10).

• “Despite the marchers’ efforts, Birmingham’s white businesspeople showed little interest in meeting the demands of protest organizers” (Tougas 10).

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