U.S. government Review

Federalism

• power is divided between the federal government and the state governments

• the federal government dictates to the states what they can and cannot do

• power is divided into three branches

• the federal government determining where power is directed

writ of habeas corpus

• document requiring police to explain the reasoning for needing a search warrant

• court order that requires a prisoner in custody be brought before a judge and explained why they are being held

• federal government power over the court system

• asking for an appeal to the Supreme Court

political parties

• places where politicians party

• organized political organizations that have one single issue or idea they are based on

• organized groups that attempt to influence the government by electing their members to important government offices

• a way to organized politicians based on their experience in government in previous positions

George Washington's thoughts on political parties

• He created the first political party and influenced others to follow and join

• He requested political parties be added into the Constitution as part of elections

• Washington was okay with political parties as he thought it was a place to come together with like opinions

• He disagreed with them, warned against them, and knew they would be divisive and dangerous

John Locke & his Second Treatise on Government

• wrote govt was created to protect natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Jefferson included this in the Declaration as part of why the colonies were breaking away, their rights were not being protected

• Locke wrote about a government set up similar to what we have and Madison used this to create the framework for the Constitution

• Locke wrote about the government being set up with three branches which influenced the founders to create our current branches

• Locke felt it was the governments job to provide for citizens, protect citizens, and to control the economy in order to have a more controlled society

EPA

• English Preschool Authority

• Environmental Protection Agency

• European Power Association

• Economic Planning Agency

Rachel Carson

• The first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan

• The first woman to serve as a representative in Congress

• wrote a book called Silent Spring that declared DDT as harmful for the environment

• wrote a book about the dangers of industrialization and its effect on children through child labor

Third party impacts on elections

• they never have impacted elections because they are small and not national

• usually only affect grassroots organizations and never on the federal scale

• have won many Presidential elections in the past

• can influence public policy, influence a major party to pick up an issue, but may also split the vote of a major party

District Court

• federal court where trials are held and lawsuits begin

• where justices review cases to see if they are Constitutional

• the middle part of the court system where only judges decide if the case was done properly or not and if it should be heard again

• state courts that sentence misdemeanor cases only with no trials

Appellate Court

• a court where two parties sue each other because a loss has happened or for damages

• a court having jurisdiction to review cases and issues that were originally tried in lower courts

• a court where cases start out at and have original jurisdiction, trials are held and sentences are issued

• a court that helps the Supreme Court in its decision making process to give them extra research on cases and provide information