pharm exam 3 (semester 1)

epinephrine is often added to local anesthesia. the nurse must monitor for which factor when caring for a patient who is due to receive epinephrine in his or her anesthetic?

• Side effects of increased heart rate and blood pressure

• History of cardiac conditions

• vital signs

• All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a major route for applying local anesthesia?

• Epidural

• spinal

• Nerve block

• Inhalation

In administering general anesthetics using balances anesthesia, the nurse would expect which medication to be administred first (e.g., induction)

• IV anesthesia

• Inhalation anesthesia

• Analgesics

• Neuromuscular blocking agents

Nitrous Oxide can be administred safely in patients with

• Myasthenia gravis

• Increased anxiety related to pain or procedures

• Increased intracranial pressure

• Cardiac Disease

An alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide, is sometimes added to a vial of anesthetic solution for what reason?

• To provide the environment needed for absorption

• To prolong the duration of anesthetic action

• To increase the effectiveness of anesthetic in regions that have extensive local infection or abscesses

• To decrease the potential for anaphylaxis

Which of the following is a potential early adverse effect of local anesthetics?

• Hypertension

• Myocardial infarction

• Flushing

• Restlessness or anxiety

Which stage of general anesthetics is called surgical anesthesia because it is the stage which most surgery occurs

• Stage 1

• Stage 2

• Stage 3

• Stage 4

The primary reason nitrous oxide is used for short medical-surgical procedures and in dentistry is that it provides:

• Potent Analgesic with loss of consciousness

• Sedation/Relaxation along with analgesia

• Anti-inflammatory effects

• Anti-ineffective effects

Inhaled general anesthestics produce their effects by preventing their effect by preventing the flow if which of the following into neurons of the central nervous system(CNS)

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Sodium

• Calcium

Which of the following is a potential early adverse effect of nitous oxide?

• Restlessness or anxiety

• Dysrhythmia

• Hypertension

• Mania