Lipid Metabolism and Regulation of Metabolism

T or F. Triacylgycerols are more efficient to store than carbohydrates because their hydrophobicity allows them to be stored in adipose cells without large amounts of bound water molecules

• saturated; unsaturated

• unsaturated; saturated

• monounsaturated; polyunsaturated

• simple; complex

Adipocytes contain fat droplets which serve to provide an animal with _____?

• chemical energy

• increased cell volume

• insulation

Which of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?

• 18:2

• 16:1

• 18:1

• 18:0

• 16:0

Answer explanation

FAs with no double bonds eg. ... : 0 are easiest to melt

If the carbon saturated fatty acid palmitate is oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water (via B-oxidation pathways and TCA cycle), and all of the energy-conserving products are used to drive ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion, the net yield ATP per molecule of palmitate will be ______

• 32

• 108

• 132

• 106

Which of the following is not true of the fatty acid synthase and the fatty acid B-oxidation system?

• acyl-CoA derivatives are intermediates

• processes occur in different cellular compartments

• processes occur in mitochondrial matrix

• double bonds are oxidised or reduced by pyridine nucleotide coenzymes

Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids in vertebrate cells _____

• are encoded in mitochondrial genes

• are part of a single polypeptide chain containing several distinct enzyme activities

• are localised in mitochondrial matrix

• act as seven separate proteins

Adrenaline triggers an increased rate of glycolysis in muscle by _______

• inhibition of Cori Cycle

• activation of phosphofructokinase-1

• activation of hexokinase

• conversion of glycogen phosphorylase a to glycogen phosphorylase b

The hormone _______ induces lipolysis, whereas the hormone ________ inhibits the process

• glucagon; insulin

• adrenaline; adrenocorticotropic hormone

• insulin; noradrenaline

• glucagon; adrenaline

Maintenance of a constant blood-glucose level is called ________

• glucose homeostasis

• glucose tolerance

• glucose adjustment

• glucose hormesis