Pre-Board: History of Architecture

Earliest form of human settlement

• Lean-to

• Rock caves

• Lascaux cave

• Huts

A traditional limestone dwelling in Southern Italy, in which square chambers are roofed with conical vaulted roofs. It uses a prehistoric building technique of mortar-less stone construction still in use in this region.

• Clochan

• Wigwam

• Tholos of Atreus

• Trullo

An American Indian dwelling, usually of round or oval shape, formed of poles overlaid with bark, rush mats, or animal skins.

• Clochan

• Wigwam

• Hogan

• Trullo

A Navaho Indian dwelling constructed usually of earth and logs and covered with mud and sod. An energy efficient structure, this house is kept cool in summer by the packed mud on the roof, and during winter, the fireplace kept the inside warm for a long period of time and well into the night.

• Clochan

• Wigwam

• Hogan

• Trullo

A prehistoric monument consisting of an upright stone, usually standing alone but sometimes aligned with others in parallel rows.

• Megalith

• Obelisk

• Menhir

• Dolmen

A megalith consisting of two or more large upright stones supporting a horizontal stone slab.

• Megalith

• Obelisk

• Menhir

• Trilithon

Horizontal slab on top of a dolmen

• Pyramidion

• Capstone

• Finial

• Spire

A variation of the dolmen consisting of three standing stones, two on the sides and one at the back

• Trabeated

• Trilithon

• Kilclooney

• Cove

A circular arrangement of megaliths enclosing a dolmen or burial mound.

• Trilithon

• Tumulus

• Stupa

• Cromlech

An artificial mound of earth or stone especially over an ancient grave.

• Trilithon

• Tumulus

• Stupa

• Cromlech