• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

Melting and boiling points of pure substances have definite values and not a range. It cannot be A as the temperature is too low.

Many chemical processes involve substances in either the liquid or gaseous state. Which of the following statements is correct?

• A specific mass of a gas has a fixed volume at room temperature

• A specific mass of a liquid has a fixed volume at room temperature

• 25cm³ of gas contains more particles than 25cm³ of liquid

• Liquid particles placed inside a sealed container have fixed positions

Which of the following processes causes the distance between particles to increase by the most?

• Melting

• Freezing

• Sublimation

• Condensation

Answer explanation

Sublimation is change of solid directly to gas without a liquid phase.

Which of the four statements describe the arrangement of particles in a solid?

• 1 and 2

• 2 and 4

• 1 and 3

• 2 only

A student accidentally leaves a bottle of ammonia unclosed in a corner of the lab. After a few minutes the entire lab smells of ammonia.

Which process has occurred?

• Brownian motion

• Diffusion

• Evaporation

• Distillation

Answer explanation

Particles have moved from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Evaporation and Brownian motion have occurred but these do not explain why the whole lab will smell of ammonia.

Which country's flag is this?

• Poland

• Lithuania

• Chile

• Indonesia

The diagram shows three different pieces of apparatus used for measuring liquids. Which row is correct?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram shows a burette and measuring cylinder, both contain a liquid. Which row shows the correct reading for both?

• A

• B

• C

• D

A student carries out an investigation on different plant extracts using paper chromatography. The experiment set-up is shown in the diagram.

Where should the plant extract be placed?

• On the pencil line

• Below the pencil line

• Exactly 1cm above the pencil line

• Exactly 1cm below the pencil line

• Poland

• Chile

• Indonesia

• Lithuania