G7 2021-2022 MCQ

The Grand Canal also connected China’s two largest cities, Beijing （涿郡） and Hangzhou (余杭), as well as major river systems (the Yellow River in the north and the Yangtze in the south) with a total length of almost twenty thousand kilometers, thereby creating a huge integrated market. The result of linking two geographical zones was a Chinese golden age in culture and economics: the Chinese developed the world’s first national newspaper, the world’s first printed book, the world’s first mechanical clock, as well as the world’s first porcelain, paper money, and gunpowder. From what perspectives does the paragraph reflect the integrated market made by the Grand Canal?

• Geography

• Culture

• Economy

• All of above

The Grand Canal also connected China’s two largest cities, Beijing （涿郡） and Hangzhou (余杭), as well as major river systems (the Yellow River in the north and the Yangtze in the south) with a total length of almost twenty thousand kilometers, thereby creating a huge integrated market. The result of linking two geographical zones was a Chinese golden age in culture and economics: the Chinese developed the world’s first national newspaper, the world’s first printed book, the world’s first mechanical clock, as well as the world’s first porcelain, paper money, and gunpowder. Which historical event is a similarity to the effect of Grand Canal?

• The Great Wall built in Ming dynasty defended the invasion from Jurchen

• Zheng He navigated to visited many foreign countries

• The Silk Road connected Xinjiang and the central plain

• Song dynasty moved its capital from Kaifeng to Lin’an

The Grand Canal also connected China’s two largest cities, Beijing （涿郡） and Hangzhou (余杭), as well as major river systems (the Yellow River in the north and the Yangtze in the south) with a total length of almost twenty thousand kilometers, thereby creating a huge integrated market. The result of linking two geographical zones was a Chinese golden age in culture and economics: the Chinese developed the world’s first national newspaper, the world’s first printed book, the world’s first mechanical clock, as well as the world’s first porcelain, paper money, and gunpowder. Which one was not an effect效果 of the Grand Canal?  

• More and more people moved to the southern China from the north

• Qing dynasty strengthened its rule over Xinjiang

• Chinese economic center was moving southward

• The south and north could exchange good easier

During the Song-Liao war, many soldiers fought bravely, and the Liao general was killed by an arrow as he directed the battle from outside his tent. The Liao army was scared and then proposed a peace treaty. Kou Zhun refused to do so, but Emperor Zhenzong did not want to continue the war. An agreement was reached: the two countries would be allies and the Song would give two hundred thousand pi匹 of silk and a hundred thousand liang两 of silver to the Liao annually每年. This treaty was later known as the “Treaty of Chanyuan”澶渊之盟” by historians because Chanzhou was also called Chanyuan.

As a result of this humiliating treaty, the burden of the Song people grew. However, peace remained for more than a hundred years, and it opened up communication and trade between the north and south.

Which power overthrew Liao dynasty finally?

• Yuan Dynasty

• Northern Song

• Western Xia        

• Jin Dynasty

During the Song-Liao war, many soldiers fought bravely, and the Liao general was killed by an arrow as he directed the battle from outside his tent. The Liao army was scared and then proposed a peace treaty. Kou Zhun refused to do so, but Emperor Zhenzong did not want to continue the war. An agreement was reached: the two countries would be allies and the Song would give two hundred thousand pi匹 of silk and a hundred thousand liang两 of silver to the Liao annually每年. This treaty was later known as the “Treaty of Chanyuan”澶渊之盟” by historians because Chanzhou was also called Chanyuan.

As a result of this humiliating treaty, the burden of the Song people grew. However, peace remained for more than a hundred years, and it opened up communication and trade between the north and south.

What was not a reason to that Treaty of Chanyuan was humiliating for Song dynasty?  

• Because it finally won the battle but still had to pay the annual money and silk

• Because as a central dynasty Song had to ally with a nomadic power

• The punishment was not so serious compared with Song’s economic power        

• All of above

During the Song-Liao war, many soldiers fought bravely, and the Liao general was killed by an arrow as he directed the battle from outside his tent. The Liao army was scared and then proposed a peace treaty. Kou Zhun refused to do so, but Emperor Zhenzong did not want to continue the war. An agreement was reached: the two countries would be allies and the Song would give two hundred thousand pi匹 of silk and a hundred thousand liang两 of silver to the Liao annually每年. This treaty was later known as the “Treaty of Chanyuan”澶渊之盟” by historians because Chanzhou was also called Chanyuan.

As a result of this humiliating treaty, the burden of the Song people grew. However, peace remained for more than a hundred years, and it opened up communication and trade between the north and south.

Compared with others, which event was more different from the Song-Liao relationship?

• Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew Yuan dynasty

• Qing’s army defeated Li Zicheng’s army

• Northern Song had to pay annual money to Western Xia        

• Mongolian occupied the capital of Southern Song

The Jin also encouraged the Jurchens to move southward to the central plains, promoting their move into the land tenancy租赁 system. The Jin Dynasty also printed money and molded cooper铜 and silver coins to advance handicrafts and commerce. Meanwhile, the Jurchens were encouraged to marry the Han Chinese people. According to the History of Jin, during the two decades following the capital move, the Jurchens gradually changed their former customs and practiced those of Han people in daily life, in music, and in many other aspects. Even the descendants of royal families “had practiced Han customs since their childhood” as they knew little about their own Jurchen culture. What is the main idea of this paragraph?

• An ethnic communication which was about Jurchens merging into Han Chinese

• An ethnic communication which was about Han Chinese merging into Jurchens

• An ethnic communication which was about Jerchens and Han Chinese learning from each other

• Jurchen was ruling Han Chinese in many ways

The Jin also encouraged the Jurchens to move southward to the central plains, promoting their move into the land tenancy租赁 system. The Jin Dynasty also printed money and molded cooper铜 and silver coins to advance handicrafts and commerce. Meanwhile, the Jurchens were encouraged to marry the Han Chinese people. According to the History of Jin, during the two decades following the capital move, the Jurchens gradually changed their former customs and practiced those of Han people in daily life, in music, and in many other aspects. Even the descendants of royal families “had practiced Han customs since their childhood” as they knew little about their own Jurchen culture. What was the similarity between Song-Jin conflict and Ming-Qing conflict?

• The minorities unified China

• The minorities learnt from Chinese culture at the same time

• The minorities were different nationalities

• All of above

The Jin also encouraged the Jurchens to move southward to the central plains, promoting their move into the land tenancy租赁 system. The Jin Dynasty also printed money and molded cooper铜 and silver coins to advance handicrafts and commerce. Meanwhile, the Jurchens were encouraged to marry the Han Chinese people. According to the History of Jin, during the two decades following the capital move, the Jurchens gradually changed their former customs and practiced those of Han people in daily life, in music, and in many other aspects. Even the descendants of royal families “had practiced Han customs since their childhood” as they knew little about their own Jurchen culture. What was probably a reason that Northern Song was destroyed by Jin dynasty?

• Northern Song did not have many soldiers

• A tradition of discouraging military

• The central authority of the state

• Northern Song did not enjoy the advantage of gunpowder

The movable type system was invented by Bi Sheng, a commoner living the mid-eleventh century during the Northern Song Dynasty. Bi Sheng’s type was made of baked clay. When he wished to print, he set an iron frame on the iron plate. He placed the types on this. When the frame was full, it made one solid block of type. He then placed it near the fire to warm it. When the paste浆糊 (at the back) was slightly melted, he took a smooth board and pressed it over the surface, so that the block of type became as smooth as a whetstone 磨石. Then, he applied ink to the plate to print. When the printing was finished, the plate was heated and types could be removed. Archaeologists found that the first known movable type prints app eared as early as the Western Xia Dynasty. During the Song and Ming periods, metal movable types made of tin, copper, and lead were used. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, chromatic printing was invented to print paper money in Archaeologists found that the first known movable type prints app eared as early as the Western Xia Dynasty. During the Song and Ming periods, metal movable types made of tin, copper, and lead were used. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, chromatic printing was invented to print paper money in Archaeologists found that the first known movable type prints appeared as early as the Western Xia Dynasty. During the Song and Ming periods, metal movable types made of tin, copper, and lead were used. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, chromatic彩色 printing was invented to print paper money in order to avoid forgery伪造.

What was the advantage of movable type printing method compared with wood block printing?

• It could be recycled

• It was easy to correct the mistakes

• It usually saved time and money

• All of above