Chapter 13 Water as a solvent Quiz

When ethanol is added to water, it

• ionises

• forms hydrogen bonds

• dissociates

• is insoluble

When sodium iodide is added to water, it

• ionises

• forms hydrogen bonds

• dissociates

• is insoluble

When copper(II) carbonate is added to water, it

• ionises

• forms hydrogen bonds

• dissociates

• is insoluble

When hydrogen chloride is added to water, it

• ionises

• forms hydrogen bonds

• dissociates

• is insoluble

Ionic salts, such as potassium bromide, KBr, dissolve in water. The best explanation for this is because

• water molecules cause the potassium and bromide ions to be formed

• there are many ion-dipole attractions between the water and the K⁺ and Br^- ions

• covalent bonds are formed between water molecules and the K⁺ and Br^- ions

• The K⁺ and Br^- ions react with water molecules forming OH^- and H3O⁺ ions

Which of the following is best described as dissociation?

• CH₃COOH(aq) + H₂O(l) -> CH₃COO^-(aq) + H₃O⁺ (aq)

• KNO₃(s) + H₂O(l) -> K⁺(aq) + NO^3-(aq)

• Ca(s) + 2H₂O(l) -> Ca²⁺(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) + H₂(g)

• C₂H₅OH(l) + H₂O(l) -> C₂H₅OH(aq)

Which of the following gases will have the highest solubility in water?

• methane

• neon

• hydrogen chloride

• nitrogen

Ethanol C₂H₅OH has a molar mass of 46 g mol^-1. Propane, C₃H₈, has a similar molar mass of 44 g mol^-1. Which of the following statements is correct?

• Ethanol and water are completely miscible, whereas propane is insoluble in water.

• Ethanol and propane are both soluble as they have dispersion forces of similar strength

• Ethanol and propane are both non-polar molecules.

• Propane is soluble in water, but ethanol is immiscible with water.

Ethanoic acid, 1,2-diaminoethane, propan-1-ol and methyl methanoate have similar molar masses. Which is likely to be the least soluble in water?

• Ethanoic acid CH₃COOH

• 1,2-diaminoethane NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂

• propan-1-ol CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

• methyl methanoate HCOOCH₃

In which of the following lists are all of the substances insoluble in water?

• calcium nitrate, sodium carbonate, lithium chloride

• ammonium bromide, magnesium carbonate, sodium sulfate

• sodium iodide, barium sulfate, silver bromide

• calcium sulfate, silver chloride, copper carbonate