Ch. 4. Scientific Principles

Which of the following is NOT an inorganic household chemical?

•   ammonia

•   salt

•   vinegar

•   lye

The position of an element in the Periodic Table tells you

•   whether it is organic or inorganic.

•   the number and position of the parts of the atom.

•   the amount of potential energy of the atom.

•   whether it is used in photosynthesis or respiration.

Gasoline engines are

•   less efficient than diesel engines.

•   more efficient than diesel engines.

•   more likely to last longer than diesel engines.

•   58% more efficient than hybrid engines.

Which of the following small molecules are converted to form sugar in photosynthesis?

•   oxygen and water

•   hydroxyl ion and hydrogen

•   carbon dioxide and oxygen

•   water and carbon dioxide

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What does it mean when a solution has a low pH number?

•   It is a base.

•   It is a catalyst.

•   It is an acid.

•   It has a high number of hydroxyl ions.

• It is an enzyme.

The second law of thermodynamics states that

•   energy is the ability to do work.

•   useful energy is lost when converting from one form of energy to another.

•   energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

•   all energy is either kinetic or potential.

The heat energy used to cause liquid water to evaporate from your skin is called

•   sensible heat.

•   combustion.

•   evapotranspiration.

•   latent heat.

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Scientists distinguish between situations that are merely correlated and those that are correlated and show

• relationships

•   cause-and-effect relationships.

•   cause-and-relation.

•   None of the answer choices are correct.

Some of the steps followed in the scientific method include

•   write a dissertation and present the information at a scientific conference.

•   analyze historical events and offer your opinion of the key findings.

•   observation, formulate and test a hypothesis, compare results to others and publish.

•   interview many people about their reaction to current events.

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A common example of an exothermic reaction is the

•   controlling of a chain of reactions.

•   burning of natural gas.

•   drilling of oil.

•   fracking of oil.

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