Ecology

Corals live near the ocean surface in some warm regions of the world. The corals provide a home for the algae. The algae, in turn, produce food that is used by the corals. Which is a biotic factor in this ecosystem?

• the amount of sunlight that reaches the coral

• the coral population

• the salt content of the water

• the temperature of the water

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Which biotic factor would be most effect in maintaining homeostasis in an ecosystem?

• the absence of large trees

• the presence of many ponds

• the presence of many species

• the absence of predators

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A group of gray wolves living in Minnesota is an example of

• a community

• a population

• a biome

• an ecosystem

The timber wolves, rabbits, and vegetation in a particular region of northern New York together constitute part of a

• population

• community

• genus

• species

If two species of organisms occupy the same niche _____.

• one will find a new habitat.

• competition will be very intense

• both organisms will go extinct.

• both will need to enlarge their habitat

Overfishing is causing the decline of fish populations, such as Eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna in the Mediterranean. Eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna are caught faster than they can reproduce. Which statement describes the most likely effect that overfishing will have on this ecosystem?

• Overfishing makes the ecosystem more stable by increasing competition for limited resources.

• Overfishing decreases the stability of the ecosystem by disrupting food chains.

• Overfishing has no effect on ecosystem’s stability because it affects one species out of many.

• Overfishing increases ecosystem stability by allowing prey populations to overproduce.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which of these shows the levels of ecological organization from SMALLEST to LARGEST?

• organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

• biosphere, ecosystem, biome, community, organism, biosphere

• population, ecosystem, community, organism, biosphere, biome

• community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere, population, organism

Excessive amounts of rain caused a flood in the southwest United States that resulted in substantial amounts of deaths in the rabbit population? This situation is an example of a density _____________ limiting factor.

• Density independent

• Density dependent

• Density - too high

• Density - too low

Which diagram best illustrates the cycling of matter and energy among organisms?

• sun → decomposers → plants → animals → larger animals

• larger animals → small animals → insects → plants → sun

• decomposers → insects→ plants → small animals → larger animals → sun

• sun → plants → insects → small animals → larger animals → decomposers

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What can an ecosystem survive without?

• autotrophs

• consumers

• decomposers

• producers

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1