Classical Civilizations

This is the policy, doctrine, or practice in which one actively questions knowledge and doubts the truth of something (generally until proven to be true beyond a reasonable doubt).

• Democracy

• Socrates

• Athens

• Skepticism

This was the ancient city-state known for the implementation of one of the world’s first functional democratic governments.

• London

• Athens

• Rome

• Mesopotamia

This was the imperial capital of the Persian Empire from which all law-making, cultural, economic, civic, and religious policy-making centered.

• Rome

• Athens

• Thermopylae

• Persepolis

This person is credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, skepticism, and as being the first moral philosopher of the Western ethical tradition of thought.

• Socrates

• Newton

• Freud

• None of the above

This is the Persian conqueror and emperor famous for establishing the world’s first successful centralized imperial state from 559 – 530 BCE.

• Hercules

• Xerxes

• Alexander The Great

• Cyrus The Great

This was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Lyceum and synthesized a complicated philosophy of his own from previous Greek philosophers. It was from his teachings that the West inherited its intellectual lexicon, as well as problems and methods of inquiry.

• Aristotle

• Alexander The Great

• Socrates

• None of the above

This was the state policy and practice of the Persian Empire in which subjects of the Persians were allowed to practice their own traditional belief systems, traditions, ceremonies, and faiths.

• Centralized state

• Acceptance

• Religious Tolerance

This is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions.

• Democracy

• Socratic Method

• Religious Tolerance

• Centralized State

This was the form of government practiced by the Persians in which the power and the authority are concentrated in the hands of the central government, which takes decisions and performs most functions. This ran contrary to first-wave empires which largely dispersed power and responsibilities across various regions and areas.

• Centralized State

• Democracy

• Monarchy

• Theocracy

This is a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representative.

• Monarchy

• Direct Democracy

• Religious Tolerance

• Democracy