Sun Moon Earth

A path an object takes while traveling around another object.

The time it takes an object to make a full turn on its axis.

An imaginary line that an object rotates around.

An invisible force that is determined by the distance between two objects and their masses.

Nothing special.

A lunar eclipse.

The moon appears full at night.

The moon appears to only be halfway lit.

New Moon

Waning Gibbous

Fourth Moon

Waxing Crescent

Gravity

Inertia

Mass

Rotation

Revolution

The moon revolves.

The moon rotates.

The moon eclipses.

The moon tilts.

No, the Moon will always appear completely bright from the Earth's perspective.

Yes, always in Diagrams 2 and 3, but never in Diagram 1.

Yes, always in Diagram 3, but never in Diagrams 1 or 2.

Yes, always in Diagram 2 and sometimes in Diagram 3.

Because Leticia’s diagram is showing that the half of the Moon that is facing the sun is lit by the sun, and the other half is dark.

Because the Moon has some lighter-colored rock and some darker-colored rock, and Leticia’s diagram is showing that the half of the Moon with the lighter-colored rock has rotated to the left.

Because there is a shadow from Earth falling on half of the Moon, and Leticia’s diagram is showing that shadow on the right half of the Moon.

Because Leticia has made the diagram incorrectly - all of the moon should be the same brightness because the Earth provides light to the Moon.

Diagram A is accurate because the whole Moon is bright as long as there are no shadows covering parts of it.

Diagram B is accurate because the Moon is almost as close as it can be to the sun, so the Moon is almost fully lit by the sun.

Diagram C is accurate because the half of the Moon that is facing the sun is lit by the sun, and the other half is dark.

All three diagrams are sometimes accurate because light from the Earth is reflected on to the surface of the moon and makes it appear bright.

Between the first observation and the second observation, the Moon rotated so that more of the light-colored rock on the Moon’s surface faced Earth.

Between the first observation and the second observation, the Moon moved so that the astronomers were able to see more of the half that faces the sun.

Between the first observation and the second observation, the Moon moved closer to the sun so more sunlight reached the Moon’s surface.

Between the first observation and the second observation, Earth moved so its shadow was blocking less of the Moon so the astronomers were able to see more of it

Eric will see a crescent moon again, like Diagram A.

Eric will see a quarter moon, like Diagram B.

Eric could see either a crescent moon or quarter moon; it depends on the time of year.

There's no way to tell because the Moon's pattern is always changing.