biochemical pathways

biochemical pathways

12th Grade

30 Qs

quiz-placeholder

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biochemical pathways

biochemical pathways

Assessment

Quiz

Science

12th Grade

Medium

Created by

Kenji Chew

Used 25+ times

FREE Resource

30 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are both processes that require a variety of different enzymes, however they can differ in that

cellular respiration requires coenzymes to facilitate the steps, whereas photosynthesis relies on the actions of Rubisco

cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway that results in the formation of energy-rich glucose, whereas photosynthesis is an anabolic pathway that requires chlorophyll to first absorb energy from the Sun

they utilise different coenzymes that assist the enzymes involved by acting as electron donors and acceptors.

photosynthesis results in the assembly of low-energy inorganic carbon dioxide molecules into energy-rich glucose, whereas cellular respiration breaks down glucose into ADP molecules for use in important metabolic reactions

Answer explanation

Cellular respiration uses coenzymes NADH and FADH, whereas photosynthesis uses NADPH. ATP is considered a coenzyme helper for several enzymes that catalyse reactions in cellular respiration

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

  Coenzymes assist the catalytic actions of enzymes. NAD is a coenzyme that functions to

accept hydrogen and their associated electrons in its unloaded form

accept hydrogens and their associated electrons it its reduced state

donate hydrogens and their associated electrons it its oxidised state

A.      donate hydrogens and their associated electrons it its unloaded state.

Answer explanation

NAD functions as a hydrogen acceptor when it is unloaded (oxidised). When it is loaded (reduced), it can donate hydrogens and their associated electrons.

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

  A coenzyme helper that can accept a phosphate group to catalyse an energy-requiring reaction

ATP

NADP+

ADP

FAD

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

Above the optimum temperature, enzymes tend to

move more slowly, and thus colliding less frequently with its substrate, resulting in a slower rate of reaction

have less energy to interact with its substrate, resulting in a slower rate of reaction 

collide more frequently with the substrate, resulting in a faster rate of reaction until denaturation occurs

denature irreversibly at the active site, such that is is unable to bind to its substrate

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) is an enzyme that is attached to the outside of the cell membrane of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts. The BAP enzyme plays a crucial role in the mineralisation of bone, aiding the formation and growth of bones. The pH optimum for the enzyme alkaline phosphatase has been shown to vary under various laboratory conditions but has never been shown to be lower than a pH of 8. This means that

at pH 10, the BAP enzyme will be most likely have bonds between it's active site and substrate's binding site, allowing for the enzyme to effectively catalyse the reaction

  at pH levels lower than 8, the bonds within the BAP enzyme can be altered, allowing the enzyme to combine at more sites on the substrate

at pH levels higher than 8, the ionic bonds within the BAP enzyme denature, reducing the activity of the enzyme.

at a neutral pH, there are changes in the amount of ionic bonds holding the 3D structure of BAP together, however the changes are negligible such that the reaction rate remains the same.

Answer explanation

we are given a wide pH range for BAP to function effectively — any pH above 8.

Below 8, the pH will be below optimum levels, and would alter bonds that are formed between the enzyme and its substrate.

This leads to a reduced rate of reaction. A neutral pH would be sub-optimal – already the reaction rate would have decreased

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

When all the active sites of an enzyme are occupied by substrate molecules, the rate of reaction

increases steadily, producing more products.

decreases quickly, as less substrates can be reacted with enzymes.

stays the same, until more substrates are added to the reaction

stays the same until temperature is increased

Answer explanation

When enzyme sites are full, there can be no significant change in reaction rate. An increase in substrate will not change the rate of reaction as there still will not be enough enzyme active sites to catalyse the reaction. An increase in temperature will, however, increase the frequency of collisions between enzymes and substrates, increasing the rate of reaction

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

The actions of phosphofructokinase (PFK) enzyme in glycolysis is tightly regulated by ATP. When ATP levels are high, ATP binds to a secondary site on PFK, causing the enzyme’s affinity for its substrate to decrease. In this biochemical pathway, ATP acts as

cofactor

competitive inhibitor binding to the enzyme's active site

a non competitive inhibitor binding to an allosteric site

an allosteric activator

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