Introduction to Computers and Programming

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

• compiler

• program

• interpreter

• programming language

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.

• hardware

• software

• the operating system

• tools

The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.

• RAM

• secondary storage

• main memory

• the CPU

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.

• ENIACs

• microprocessors

• memory chips

• operating systems

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________.

• secondary storage

• the CPU

• main memory

• the microprocessor

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.

• RAM

• secondary storage

• the disk drive

• the USB drive

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called __________.

• RAM

• main memory

• secondary storage

• CPU storage

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________.

• an output device

• an input device

• a secondary storage

• main memory

A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

• byte

• bit

• switch

• transistor

A byte is made up of eight __________.

• CPUs

• instructions

• variables

• bits