Practical Research Global Edition Chapter 1 Test

What are the important differences between Big R research and little r research?

According to the author, an important distinction to make about true research is that it is importantly the mere transporting of facts from one location to another.

• true

• false

A systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information—

data—in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned. People often use a systematic approach when they collect and interpret information to solve the small problems of daily living.

• Qualitative research

• Quantitative Research

• True Research

• Phenomenology

Reorder the following steps of the "Research Cycle"

• The researcher clearly and

  specifically articulates the

  goal of the research endeavor

• The researcher identifies

  assumptions—and possibly

  also specific hypotheses —that

  underlie the research e

  ort. The researcher develops a specific

  plan for addressing the problem

  and its subproblems.

• The researcher begins

  with a problem—an

  unanswered question—

  related to a topic of

  interest and concern.

• The researcher often divides

  the principal problem into more

  manageable subproblems.

• The researcher collects, organizes,

  and analyzes data related to

  the problem and its subproblems. The researcher interprets

  the meaning of the data

  as they relate to the

  problem and its

  subproblems.

a priori hypotheses means

• a term that comes from the Latin meaning "the priority of the hypothesis" - that which is most important in the research

• a term that comes from Latin and it means "from something before"

Data that is collected in research studies take one or both of two general forms. What are these two forms?

The complex social behaviors of

other animal species; Dian Fossey’s work with gorillas and Jane Goodall’s studies of chimpanzeesare two well-known examples (e.g., see Fossey, 1983; Goodall, 1986).

• longitudinal studies

• quantitative studies

• qualitative studies

• scientific studies

And in action research, one or more researchers—

who are often practitioners in a particular helping profession (e.g., education, counseling,social work, medicine)—might use

• qualitative methods

• quantitative methods

• both qualitative and quantitative methods

According to the author, - data is

• Usually "cut and dried" as the data doesn't lie and presents a clear picture of phenomena

• Usually demands interpretation because no rule, formula or algorithm can lead the researcher unerringly to a correct interpretation.

• Is highly subjective and thus unreliable as researcher bias influences it.

the process of research, according to the author is iterative - meaning that

• it follows a specific itinerary and is linear in nature

• requires the researcher sometimes to move back and forth between two or more steps along the way.