Foundations of Reading

Match the 4 types of cueing systems with their descriptions.

• they use knowledge of letter/sound relationships to decode words

• graphophonic cueing system

• readers use both the picture in the book and his prior knowledge to make sense of the text

•  semantic cueing system

• readers consider their purposes for reading in given situations

• pragmatic cues

• readers select words that sound right using knowledge of grammar and sentence structure

• syntactic cueing system

What is the smallest unit of spoken sound?

In what order do phonological skills develop?

• The ability to rhyme

• Phoneme isolation and other phonemic awareness skills

• The ability to manipulate onsets and rimes

• The ability to break words into syllables

Environmental print is the print people see in their everyday lives. Select all the examples of environmental print.

• Restaurant logos

• Food packaging

• Street signs

• Teacher prepared word walls

Match the following

• uses a whole-to-part approach, with students reading whole texts rather than isolated words

• Automaticity

•  understanding that each letter of the alphabet makes a predictable sound

• Implicit phonics instruction

• the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in words

• Phonological awareness

• the ability to recognize whole words quickly and effortlessly

• Explicit phonics instruction

• progresses from part to whole, leads to stronger decoding, spelling, and comprehension skills.

• Alphabetic principle

 ____________allows students to match their reading rate and expression with others in the group who are modeling fluent reading, including the teacher.

• Silent reading

• Choral reading

• Home reading

• Shared reading

Match the following

•  a letter or group of letters representing a single sound

• morpheme

• the smallest unit of language with meaning

• grapheme

• a unit of spoken language in a word that contains a single uninterrupted sound

• phoneme

• the smallest unit of speech

• syllable

Because scapegoat is a compound word, it is likely that Maria will at least recognize the word goat. This leaves a smaller portion of the word to decode. This decoding strategy is called

• chunking

• blending

• inventing

• guessing

Match the following

• proverbs

• a figure of speech used to compare two things using like or as

• simile

• short, well-known sayings that offer wisdom or advice

• idiom

• a figure of speech used to compare two things without the use of like or as

• metaphor

• figurative language in which the entire phrase has a unique meaning that cannot be determined from the meanings of the individual words

Story maps help students to comprehend

• Science books

• Test instructions

• Fictional texts