Unit 2: Universe and Stars Review

What components best define a Galaxy?

• Gas, dust, and billions of stars

• meteors, comments, and asteroids

• planets, moons, and a single star

• ice, rock, and dust

What do most astronomers believe to be true about the universe?

• It is contracting

• it is expanding

• it is staying the same size

• it is expanding and contracting regularly

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The Barnard's star is 6 light years away from Earth. What unit of measurement does the light year represent?

• Distance

• Mass

• Speed

• Time

The photograph represents the shape of the Milky Way galaxy. Which shape best describes the Milky Way galaxy?

• Circular

• Elliptical

• Irregular

• Spiral

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

A researcher studies the light emitted by a distant star. The researcher finds that the light received from the star falls slightly closer to the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum when compared to a similar Source closer to Earth. The researcher claims that the star is moving away from Earth. Is the researcher correct?

• No. All hot Stars emit red colored light

• Yes. All moving objects emit red colored light

• No. The red colored light emission is due to the composition of the star.

• Yes. Light from any object moving away from Earth shifts to red colored light.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

A student creates a model by placing raisins in bread dough and allowing the dough to rise for several hours. The student sketches the model before and after the dough Rises. The student claims that the model accurately describes the motion of the galaxies in the universe. What evidence from the model supports the students claim?

• As the dough Rises, the size of the raisins increase, resembling the expansion of the galaxies.

• As the dough Rises, the distance between the raisins decreases, indicating that the galaxy will collide.

• As the dough Rises the size of the raisins decreases, resembling the emission of light from Stars.

• As the dough Rises the distance between the raises increases, indicating that the galaxies are moving apart.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Diagram shows two readings of the spectral lines emitted from the same star in a galaxy.

Based on the diagram, students list claims and details in a table, as shown. Which claim is correct, and why?

Claim 1. The Galaxy is moving towards Earth.

Claim 2. The size of the Galaxy is increasing.

Claim 3. The universe is expanding.

Claim 4.. The temperature of the Sun is decreasing.

• Claim 1; spectral lines can be obtained only from the stars that emit light towards the red end of the spectrum.

• Claim 2; large galaxies only produce light that shows spectral lines for the red end of the spectrum.

• Claim 3; galaxies move apart as the universe expands, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum

• Claim 4; the wavelength of light emitted from cool surfaces are long, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

A student reads a list of several measurements. Which measurements are used as evidence of the age of the universe?

• 1 and 2

• 2 and 3

• 1, 2, and 3

• 1, 2, and 4

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Stars in the universe very in size, luminosity, and temperature. The hertzsprung-russell diagram helps astronomers categorize the Stars.

The sun is a main sequence star. In approximately 5 billion years the Sun's temperature will decrease and its Luminosity will increase as a result of diminishing amounts of hydrogen. After another couple billion years, the Sun's temperature will be higher than it is today, while its Luminosity will be lower. What is the sequence of the sun's classification from now and into the future?

• Main sequence, red giant, white dwarf

• main sequence, blue giant, white dwarf

• main sequence, white dwarf, read Giant

• main sequence, blue giant, red giant

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

The graph shows the velocities and distances from Earth for several galaxies in the universe. What can be concluded from the graph?

• The closer the Galaxy, the faster it moves toward Earth.

• The coast of the Galaxy, the slower it moves toward Earth.

• The farther the Galaxy, the faster it moves away from Earth.

• The farther the Galaxy, the slower it moves away from Earth.