Chapter 1 Review - The Biosphere

The study of the complex system of interactions that sustain life on the planet is

• zoology

• chemistry

• ecology

• economics

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Which photo represents the geosphere?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Nonliving factors of an environment are

• biotic

• bacteria

• plankton

• abiotic

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Which of the following includes parts of the other three answer choices?

• atmosphere

• hydrosphere

• biosphere

• geosphere

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Compare the terms population, community, and ecosystem.

Answer explanation

A population is a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area; a community is a group composed of different populations that live together in a defined area; an ecosystem is a community together with its physical environment.

What are three general techniques used to study ecology?

Answer explanation

observation and measurement, experimentation, and modeling

How can models be useful in explaining global system processes and phenomena?

Answer explanation

Sample answer: The three parts of the Understanding Global Change model are causesof global change, processes in Earth’s global systems, and how processes respond to causes ofglobal change. Three processes that are related toeach other are biotic factors, abiotic factors, and populations. For example, consider a population of antelope. Biotic factors such as predators (lions) orabiotic factors such as natural disasters (droughts)can reduce the size of populations. Populations of antelope can also affect biotic factors by overgrazing land and ruining plant life.

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The climate zone closest to the equator is

• polar

• tropical

• torrid

• temperate

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Average temperatures, precipitation, wind patterns, and extreme events in an area define its

• climate.

• geosphere.

• weather.

• atmosphere.

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Concentrations of several heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere produce

• the greenhouse effect.

• solar energy.

• he hydrosphere.

• radiation.

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