Cspap2

The following figure represents a network of physically linked devices labeled P through S. A line between two devices indicates a connection. Devices can communicate only through the connections shown.

• The network is considered fault-tolerant because there are redundant paths between each pair of devices.

• The network is considered fault-tolerant because it guarantees that no individual component will fail.

• The network is not considered fault-tolerant because it relies on physical connections.

• The network is not considered fault-tolerant because it provides more paths than are needed.

According to the domain name system (DNS), which of the following is a subdomain of the domain example.com?

• about.example.com

• example.co.uk

• example.com.org

• example.org

Which of the following actions is most likely to help reduce the digital divide?

• Adding a requirement that all users of a popular social media site link their accounts with a phone number.

• Deploying satellites and other infrastructure to provide inexpensive Internet access to remote areas of Earth

• Digitizing millions of books from university libraries, making their full text available online

• Offering improved Internet connections to Internet users who are willing to pay a premium fee for more bandwidth

A state government is attempting to reduce the digital divide. Which of the following activities has the greatest potential to contribute to the digital divide rather than reducing it?

• Providing programs that focus on technology literacy at local libraries

• Requiring applicants for government jobs to apply using an online platform

• Working with technology companies to offer computing devices at discounted prices to individuals with reduced incomes

• Working with telecommunications companies to build network infrastructure in remote areas

Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) has been introduced to replace the previous version (IPv4). Which of the following best describes a benefit of IPv6 over IPv4?

• IPv6 addresses are shorter than IPv4 addresses, which allows for faster routing of packets.

• IPv6 allows for a greater number of addresses than IPv4, which allows more devices to be connected to the Internet.

• IPv6 eliminates the use of hierarchy in addressing, making addresses easier to use

• IPv6 allows users to bypass older security protocols so that data can be sent peer-to-peer without the use of routers.

Which of the following best describes a direct benefit in using redundant routing on the Internet?

• Redundancy enables messages to be transmitted with as few packets as possible.

• Redundancy enables network devices to communicate with as few network connections as possible.

• Redundancy often allows messages to be sent on the network even if some network devices or connections have failed.

• Redundancy prevents network communications from being intercepted by unauthorized individuals.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fault-tolerant nature of routing on the Internet?

• The ability to use a hierarchical naming system to avoid naming conflicts

• The ability to provide data transmission even when some connections have failed

• The ability to resolve errors in domain name system (DNS) lookups

• The ability to use multiple protocols such as hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), Internet protocol (IP), and simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) to transfer data

A city government is attempting to reduce the digital divide between groups with differing access to computing and the Internet. Which of the following activities is LEAST likely to be effective in this purpose?

• Holding basic computer classes at community centers

• Providing free wireless Internet connections at locations in low-income neighborhoods

• Putting all government forms on the city Web site

• Requiring that every city school has computers that meet a minimum hardware and software standard

Which of the following best explains how data is typically assembled in packets for transmission over the Internet?

• Each packet contains data to be transmitted, along with metadata containing information used for routing the data.

• Each packet contains an encrypted version of the data to be transmitted, along with metadata containing the key needed to decrypt the data.

• Each packet contains only the metadata used to establish a direct connection so that the data can be transmitted.

• Each packet contains multiple data files bundled together, along with metadata describing how to categorize each data file.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a contributing factor to the digital divide?

• Some individuals and groups are economically disadvantaged and cannot afford computing devices or Internet connectivity.

• Some individuals and groups do not have the necessary experience or education to use computing devices or the Internet effectively.

• Some parents prefer to limit the amount of time their children spend using computing devices or the Internet.

• Some residents in remote regions of the world do not have access to the infrastructure necessary to support reliable Internet connectivity.