Enlightenment Review

The Catholic Church was in charge during the Scientific Revolution.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Look at either the worksheet or readings for "Assignment 1: Scientific Thinkers".

What kind of government did John Locke believe in?

• Absolute Monarchy

• Monarchy

• Representative Government

• Democracy

Answer explanation

In the last paragraph of the John Locke section of "Assignment #2" the text states:

"Locke favored a representative government but he wanted representatives to be only men of property and business."

What kind of government does this represent?

• Absolute Monarchy

• Representative Government

• Democracy

• Tyranny

Answer explanation

Leviathan came up twice in the unit. The first time, it was in the Thomas Hobbes section of "Assignment #2". Second, it came up in the second section of "Assignment #3: Enlightenment CER".

Which of these was not an Enlightenment Thinker?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Charles Montesquieu

• Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer explanation

Remember that Copernicus was a scientific thinker who came up with the heliocentric model of the solar system. Also, he was NOT included in "Assignment #3: Enlightenment Thinkers".

Thomas Hobbes believed that the people could revolt against the king.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

In the Thomas Hobbes section of "Assignment #2", the last sentence states:

"Once the people had given absolute power to the king, they had no right to revolt against him."

Who was the "social contract" between?

• Between people

• Between two governments

• Between the government and the people

• Between people and animals

Answer explanation

In "Assignment #2" Thomas Hobbes invents the idea of a social contract.

"Hobbes asserted that the people agreed among themselves to “lay down” their natural rights of equality and freedom and give absolute power to a sovereign (king)...Hobbes called this agreement the 'social contract'."

Which philosopher believed that the social contract could be broken?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Charles Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer explanation

In the John Locke section of "Assignment #2" the text states:

"If a sovereign violated these rights, the social contract was broken, and the people had the right to revolt and establish a new government."

Who proposed the idea of the heliocentric model of the solar system?

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Galileo Galilei

• Ptolemy

• Charles Darwin

Answer explanation

Look into the Copernicus section of the reading in "Assignment #1". Also, remember the diagram shown in class (similar to the one given in the question).

What were the three "unalienable rights" proposed by John Locke?

• Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

• Life, Liberty, and Property

• Freedom, Liberty, and Property

• Life, Liberty, and Government

Answer explanation

In the John Locke section of "Assignment #2" the text states:

"First, Locke argued that natural rights such as life, liberty, and property existed in the state of nature and could never be taken away or even voluntarily given up by individuals. These rights were 'inalienable'."

CER stands for Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Look in the worksheet for "Assignment #3: Enlightenment CER.