(#2) S&D Terms Persuasive Strategies

A type of evidence that supports associations between things based on their similarity or dissimilarity

• Analogy

• Argument by example

• Argument by incompatibility

• Argument by principle

Supporting an association between specific examples and a general rule

• Analogy

• Argument by example

• Argument by incompatibility

• Argument by principle

Rejecting something because it is incompatible with something else

• Method of agreement

• Authority

• Argument by incompatibility

• Causal argument

Supporting a certain action based on the connection between that action and a general principle

• Method of difference

• Argument by example

• Method of correlation

• Argument by principle

Supporting a claim with the opinion of experts

• Authority

• Argument by example

• Need

• Style

Supporting associations between causes and effects

• Theory

• Plan

• Comparative advantages case

• Causal argument

The type of reasoning that examines the reasons certain actions, events, or conditions (causes) create specific consequences (effects)

• Need-plan-benefit case

• Method of correlation

• Argument by example

• Cause-and-effect reasoning

A method used for developing a case about policies that advocates adoption of the plan based on its advantages compared with the status quo or some other policy; in other words, you are arguing to establish that one plan is better than another plan

• Comparative advantages case

• Need-plan-benefit case

• Status quo

• Toulmin Model of Argument

A method of reasoning used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines more than one case where two elements are simultaneously present, concluding that one is the cause of the other

• Method of correlation

• Method of difference

• Method of agreement

• Comparative advantages case

A method of reason used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines examples that demonstrate that as the amount of the cause increases (or decreases) the effect will too

• Method of correlation

• Method of agreement

• Causal argument

• Cause-and-effect reasoning