Chapter 2 Vocabulary

The process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Cell Cycle

The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Cell Cylce

The process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Cell Cycle

The series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Cell Cycle

An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food

• Autotroph

• Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things

• Autotroph

• Heterotroph

A green photosynthetic pigments found in the chloroplasts of plants.

• Chloroplast

• Chlorine

• Chlorophyll

• Chloride

The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before cell division

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Replication

• Fermentation

A threadlike structure within a cell’s nucleus that contains DNA that is passed from on generation to the next

• Chromatid

• DNA

• Gene

• Chromosome

The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs, during which a cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA

• Interphase

• Mitosis

• Cytokinesis