Unit 1: Foundations of Civilization

the period of time before writing was invented

• History

• Prehistory

• Really Really Old

• Neolithic Era

a person who studies how people lived in the past

• Historian

• Anthropologist

• Archaeologist

• Palentologist

an object made by human beings

• Fossil

• Tool

• Artifact

• Bones

the study of the origins and development of people and their societies

• Anthropology

• Paleontology

• Historiography

• Archaeology

the way of life of a society, which is handed down from one generation to the next by learning and experience

• Culture

• Norms

• Habits

• Language

the study of people and cultures through their material remains

• Paleontology

• Anthropology

• Historiography

• Archaelology

-started searching for clues to the human past in a deep canyon in Tanzania called Olduvai Gorge in the 1930s, discovered the first hominid skull

• Mary & Louis Leakey

• Donald Johanson

• John Lennon

• Albert Einstein

the skills and tools people use to meet their basic needs Example: the first stone tools

• Technology

• Culture

• Language

• Rituals

In Ethiopia, this person found many pieces of a single hominid skeleton, "Lucy," which was dated to at least 3 million years ago. For the first time, archaeologists had enough of one skeleton to piece together and really look at an early hominid.

• Donald Johanson

• Mary Leakey

• Louis Leakey

• John Lennon

a group that includes humans and their closest relatives, which all walk upright on two feet.

• Hominids

• Australopithecines

• Sapiens