Quiz about 8th Grade Science Test 1

Question 1

What is the substance of the physical world?

Accepted Answer

matter

Answer

energy

Answer

element

Answer

humus

Question 2

What factor is changed when testing a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

independent variable

Answer

controlled variable

Answer

dependent cariable

Answer

experimental variable

Question 3

What is the term for the factors that remain the same throughout an experiment?

Accepted Answer

controlled variables

Answer

dependent variables

Answer

independent variables

Answer

experimental variables

Question 4

Which component of the scientific method involves gathering data in an orderly way?

Accepted Answer

observing

Answer

hypothesizing

Answer

theorizing

Answer

experimenting

Question 5

What is the process of speculating about objects or events of nature and formulating a sensible explanation?

Accepted Answer

hypothesizing

Answer

observing

Answer

theorizing

Answer

experimenting

Question 6

In an if/ then statement, what is the "then" part called?

Accepted Answer

consequent

Answer

hypothetical proposition

Answer

antecedent

Answer

inference

Question 7

What term describes the following sentence: "If a vehicle is an airplane, then it has wings"?

Accepted Answer

hypothetical proposition

Answer

antecedent

Answer

consequent

Answer

inference

Question 8

In the engineering design process, what step comes after researching and developing possible solutions to the problem?

Accepted Answer

choosing a design and making a detailed plan

Answer

building and testing prototype

Answer

determining the criteria and constraints of the problem

Answer

analyzing the prototype and improving the design

Question 9

What is the study of matter?

Accepted Answer

science

Answer

pedology

Answer

weathering

Answer

mineralogy

Question 10

What is the ultimate purpose of inductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

to determine cause and effect

Answer

to identify important differences

Answer

to develop specific conclusions

Answer

to make predictions

Question 11

In what type of soil do plants grow best?

Accepted Answer

neutral or slightly acidic

Answer

highly basic

Answer

neutral or slightly basic

Answer

highly acidic

Question 12

Which of the following affects soil color?

Accepted Answer

amount of organic material

Answer

percentage of sand

Answer

size of pore spaces

Answer

degree of acidity or basicity

Question 13

Which primary plant food element is essential for cell division, growth, and plant maturation?

Accepted Answer

phorphorus

Answer

potassium

Answer

nitrogen

Answer

phosphate

Question 14

What do logicians call a statement of fact that can be used to make a conclusion?

Accepted Answer

proposition

Answer

antecedent

Answer

consequent

Answer

hypothesis

Question 15

What term describes the ability of bedrock to inhibit water from easily passing through?

Accepted Answer

impermeable

Answer

capillary

Answer

impenetrable

Answer

saturated

Question 16

What soil layer contains more mineral material and less organic material?

Accepted Answer

subsoil

Answer

horizon

Answer

bedrock

Answer

topsoil

Question 17

What is the top 5 to 15 cm of soil called?

Accepted Answer

topsoil

Answer

horizon

Answer

bedrock

Answer

subsoil

Question 18

What soil material has the smallest and most tightly packed particles?

Accepted Answer

clay

Answer

sand

Answer

humus

Answer

silt

Question 19

Which of the following is part of potassium's primary function for plants?

Accepted Answer

promoting general health

Answer

aiding in energy transfer

Answer

enabling fruit ripening

Answer

stimulating stem growth

Question 20

What type of soil allows the most air and water into itself?

Accepted Answer

sandy soil

Answer

silty soil

Answer

clayey soil

Answer

gravelly soil

Question 21

What type of soil allows the most rain to run off?

Accepted Answer

clayey soil

Answer

silty soil

Answer

sandy soil

Answer

gravelly soil

Question 22

What type of bacteria returns nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrogen from nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen-producing bacteria

Answer

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Answer

nitrifying bacteria

Answer

denitrifying bacteria

Question 23

What is the basic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen that enters the soil through the action of certain bacteria and the decay of plants and animals?

Accepted Answer

ammonia

Answer

potash

Answer

nitrate

Answer

phosphate

Question 24

What is the general term for water below the soil's surface?

Accepted Answer

groundwater

Answer

aquifer

Answer

artesian

Answer

water table

Question 25

What is a layer of either porous rock or gravel-soil mixture that holds water?

Accepted Answer

aquifer

Answer

artesian

Answer

water table

Answer

groundwater

Question 26

What is the surface of the water under the ground?

Accepted Answer

water table

Answer

aquifer

Answer

artesian

Answer

groundwater

Question 27

What are the minimum characteristics that a design must have to function at all?

Accepted Answer

criteria

Answer

constraints

Answer

prototypes

Answer

problems

Question 28

What is a model of a design that will be used for testing?

Accepted Answer

prototype

Answer

constraint

Answer

criterion

Answer

problem

Question 29

Which of the following is a reason that logic is needed in science?

Accepted Answer

Analyzing experimental results requires reasoning.

Answer

Science requires that same reasoning skills as other fields.

Answer

Science is the study of the natural world.

Answer

Writing a scientific paper requires reasoning.

Question 30

Why can a scientific idea never be proven beyond all doubt?

Accepted Answer

Groups may have differences beyond the factors under study.

Answer

Man's scientific understanding is limited.

Answer

Science requires both deductive and inductive reasoning.

Answer

Scientific ideas may be incorrect.

Question 31

how tightly packed matter is

Accepted Answer

density

Answer

compound

Answer

element

Answer

mass

Question 32

substance composed of only one type of atom

Accepted Answer

element

Answer

weight

Answer

molecule

Answer

mass

Question 33

atoms linked together in a group

Accepted Answer

molecule

Answer

compound

Answer

element

Answer

mass

Question 34

amount of matter in an object

Accepted Answer

mass

Answer

molecule

Answer

density

Answer

weight

Question 35

substance containing two or more types of atoms bonded together

Accepted Answer

compound

Answer

weight

Answer

density

Answer

molecule

Question 36

Nora wants to determine what type of rock dissolves most quickly in vinegar. She gathers three samples each of five different types of rocks. She weighs the rock samples before putting them to soak in vinegar and weighs them every day thereafter. What is the rocks' weight in her experiment?

Accepted Answer

dependent variable, because she measures the weight to make her conclusion

Answer

independent variable, because the weight is different for each sample

Answer

independent variable, because she measures the weight before placing the rocks in vinegar

Answer

dependent variable, because the weight depends on the type of rock used

Question 37

Aliyah is using the scientific method to determine what type of fertilizer she should use on her tomato plants. She has already read about different types of fertilizers and the nutritional requirements of tomato plants. What should Aliyah do next?

Accepted Answer

propose an idea to test

Answer

state her conclusion

Answer

perform an experiment

Answer

choose a control group

Question 38

A group of researchers are testing a new medicine; they want to determine if it will help patients more than giving them no treatment at all. Would a control group be necessary?

Accepted Answer

yes, because they need to compare patients getting the medicine to patients not getting any medicine

Answer

no, because they only need to compare patients before and after receiving the medicine

Answer

no, because they only need to compare patients getting different doses of the medicine

Answer

yes, because they need to compare patients getting the medicine to patients getting a different medicine

Question 39

Charles wants to build a telescope that will allow him to view distant galaxies. After he has decided to build the telescope, what should he do next?

Accepted Answer

determine limitations on the design

Answer

build a model telescope

Answer

sketch the telescope he will build

Answer

research telescope designs

Question 40

Chloe is making a visual model of her room by drawing a map on graph paper. She is using a pencil to draw the map. It includes the walls, a door, and windows. What can she do to make this a better model of her room?

Accepted Answer

include furniture

Answer

use plain paper

Answer

color the floor

Answer

draw the map in pen

Question 41

One factor that affects how deep a well needs to be drilled to reach water is the size of the pore spaces in the soil. If all factors except water depth and the size of pore spaces are equal, which well would need to be drilled deeper: a well in soil with small pore spaces or a well in soil with large pore spaces? Why?

Accepted Answer

the well in soil with large pore spaces, because water would flow through the soil more quickly

Answer

the well in soil with small pore spaces, because bedrock is closer to the surface

Answer

the well in soil with small pore spaces, because water would flow through the soil more slowly

Answer

the well in soil with large pore spaces, because bedrock is farther from the surface

Question 42

Aubrey had two identical pieces of paper. She crumpled one up and left the other one flat. She then dropped both pieces of paper at the same time from the same height and saw that the crumpled piece hit the ground before the flat piece. What can she conclude from this data?

Accepted Answer

Crumpling the paper allows it to fall faster, since crumpling is the only difference between the two pieces.

Answer

Dropped paper floats down to the ground, since the flat paper fell slowly.

Answer

Heavier objects fall faster then lighter objects, since heavier objects push on the air more.

Answer

Smaller objects fall faster than larger objects, since the crumpled paper is smaller than the flat paper.

Question 43

Christina read that if a primate is a monkey, it has a tail. She knows that lemurs are primates with tails and thus concludes that lemurs are monkeys. Is she correct in making this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The conclusion is incorrect because no conclusion can be made when the consequent is true.

Answer

The conclusion is correct because the consequent is true.

Answer

The conclusion is incorrect because no conclusion can be made when the antecedent is true.

Answer

The conclusion is correct because the antecedent is true.

Question 44

Nolan, Jayden, and Madilynn's family has a tradition that if it is someone's birthday, he gets to choose what is for dinner. On Nolan's birthday, they had spaghetti for dinner. Jayden said that Nolan must have chosen to have spaghetti, but Madilynn said they did not have enough information to know. Who is correct?

Accepted Answer

Jayden is correct because the antecedent is true.

Answer

Madilynn is correct because no conclusion can be made when the antecedent is true.

Answer

Jayden is correct because the consequent is true.

Answer

Madilynn is correct because no conclusion can be made when the consequent is true.

8th Grade Science Test 1

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