5.PS.1 Matter and its Interactions

What statement BEST describes a liquid?

• Liquids have a definite shape and definite volume.

• Liquids have definite shape and variable volume.

• Liquids have variable shape and variable volume.

• Liquids have variable shape and definite volume.

Josh decided his glass of iced tea needed to be sweeter.  He found two types of sugar he could use in the kitchen.  There was a bowl of loose crystal sugar and a bowl of sugar cubes. Which one will dissolve faster in the iced tea?

• It will not matter which sugar he uses

• The loose sugar crystals

• The sugar cubes

• Sugar will not dissolve in iced tea

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Usually when the particle size is decreased, what will happen to the rate of dissolving?

• It will stop.

• It will increase.

• It will remain constant.

• It will decrease.

Kelly has two cubes of sugar and decides to add them to a glass of water. The mass of the sugar cubes is 6 grams total. The mass of the water and glass is 520 grams total. Once the sugar dissolves in the water, what will the total mass of Kelly's drink be (including the glass), and why?

• 526 grams, because the total mass will be the sum of the mass of the sugar, glass, and water

• 514 grams, because the water absorbs the 6 grams of sugar and the masses cancel each other

• 508 grams, because each sugar cube will cause the same mass of water to evaporate

• 520 grams, because the sugar disappears as it dissolves into the water

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Your science teacher gives you three liquids to pour into a jar.  After pouring, the liquids layer as seen here.  What property of matter prevents the three liquids from mixing together to form a solution?

• Color

• Density

• Mass

• Texture

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Sarah and Maria mixed some iron filings with yellow sulfur powder.  Both iron and sulfur are elements in the periodic table.  The girls used a magnet to separate the iron filings from the sulfur.

Next, the girls poured the two elements in a test tube and heated the mixture in a flame.  The two elements melted and black smoke came out of the test tube.  The two liquids seemed to combine.  When the girls stopped heating the test tube, there was a shiny black solid inside.  They took a magnet and held it up to the new substance but nothing happened.  Why?

• The heat demagnetized the iron filings.

• Solid iron compounds are never magnetic.

• The solid, iron sulfide, had new properties.

• The girls just needed to use a stronger magnet.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A flask with vinegar in it has a mass of 160 grams.  A balloon with baking soda in it has a mass of 40 grams.  The balloon is attached to the flask to seal the opening and the vinegar and baking soda mixes.  The balloon inflates to a large volume.  What will the total mass of the balloon and flask be after the balloon inflates?  Explain.

• Less than 200 grams because the solid baking soda disappears.

• 200 grams, because all the atoms remain in the balloon or flask.

• More than 200 grams because the size of the balloon is so much larger.

• Less than 200 grams because gases such as the one in the balloon are lighter than solids and liquids.

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Mrs. Smith is demonstrating a chemical change for her class.  She places 15 grams of baking soda into a beaker.  Next,  she adds 15 grams of vinegar to the same beaker.  When the two compounds make contact, they bubble and fizz a great deal.  She places the beaker on the balance and notes that the mass of the solution in the beaker is less the expected 30 grams. 

Why is the mass of the solution in the beaker less than 30 grams?

• The balance was not working correctly.

• The gas that was released changed the mass.

• Mass is always lost in a chemical reaction.

• The new products has less mass than the original reactants.

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Colton has an ice cube that has a mass of 4 grams.  He places it in a sealed container and then puts it in the microwave on high.  The ice cube melts after a few seconds.  He removes the sealed container with the melted ice cube and checks the mass again.

• The mass of the melted ice cube was less than 4 grams.

• The mass of the melted ice cube was more than 4 grams.

• The mass of the melted ice cube could not be determined.

• The mass of the melted ice cube remained the same at 4 grams.

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Anna is making sweet tea for the class picnic.  She boils the water and then soaks the tea bags to get the perfect color.  She decides to add sugar to the tea to sweeten it and ice to make it cold.  When should she add the sugar?

• after the tea cools to room temperature

• before the tea cools to room temperature

• it will not matter when she adds the sugar

• after the tea cools and ice cubes have been added

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4