Topic 2 Review - Industry and Immigration

The growth of industries after the Civil War was fueled, in part, by

• a decrease in immigration

• a vast supply of natural resources

• strict government regulation of businesses

• the success of labor unions

Which policies allowed businesses to operate under minimal government regulation?

• laissez faire

• protective tariffs

• collective bargaining

• cartels

The Bessemer process created strong, lightweight

• steel

• oil

• iron

• coal

The invention of electric streetcars and subways in the late 1800s

• affected only rural regions

• disrupted traffic in downtown areas

• spurred the growth of suburbs

• had little effect on American society

The South was unable to industrialize after the Civil War because

• the South lacked an educated workforce and capital to invest in new businesses

• the victorious North would not allow the South to develop industry

• railroads were not built to connect urban centers with rural areas

• high wages kept southern factory workers from making profits

What group in the US was most agreeable toward socialism?

• Labor activists

• factory owners

• wealthy people

• political officeholders

How did Congress respond to the damage done to the land and water by industrialization in the US?

• it passed laws that levied heavy fines against polluting industries

• it began to set aside protected lands that would become part of the National Park Service

• it outlawed the unsafe disposal of industrial waste

• it began studying the problems of how mining damaged the land

Gaining control of the many different businesses that make up all phases of a product's development is known as

• horizontal integration

• a monopoly

• vertical integration

• a trust

How did company towns reinforce ethnic distrust?

• factories held competitions between ethnic groups to measure which group worked more efficiently

• some workers were allowed to pay off debts to company towns, while others were not

• industries refused to allow newly arrived immigrants to settle in company towns

• ethnic groups were often segregated into separate towns

Socialists believed that

• wealth should be distributed equally to everyone

• free enterprise and individual liberty should be protected

• the government should protect the rights of the wealthy

• government interference would disrupt natural selection