Midterm Review

What is the relationship between the internal energy of a substance and its state of matter?

• As a gas loses internal energy it becomes a plasma.

• Closer packed atoms generally have more internal energy.

• As the internal energy decreases a substance will spread further apart.

• As the internal energy increases a substance would go from solid to a liquid.

As matter changes state from gas to liquid, which of these statements is true?

• The particles speed up.

• The particles get farther apart.

• The particles slow down.

• The attractive force between the particles decreases.

Jose and Eric were given four samples in lab. The results of their analysis are shown in the table. Based on the data they collected, which sample is most likely a metal?

• Sample D

• Sample B

• Sample A

• Sample C

Jenavius placed a marshmallow in the microwave to make a smore for desert. The marshmallow expanded when it was heated. How can you best describe why this happened?

• As the marshmallow was heated the particles moved slower decreasing its volume.

• As the marshmallow was heated the particles moved faster increasing its volume.

• As the marshmallow was heated the particles moved slower increasing its volume.

• As the marshmallow was heated the particles moved faster decreasing its volume.

Using the chart above, determine which statement would be FALSE.

• Each element would have a mass number of 12.

• Hydrogen would have 0 neutrons.

• Neon is the element with an atomic number of 10.

• Carbon would have 6 protons.

As ice transforms into steam,

• new molecules are formed.

• the mass of the molecules is increased.

• energy is absorbed by the molecules.

• the types of atoms are changed.

Has luster

Malleable

Ductile

Conductor

Solid at room temperature

Which element could be described by the list of properties above?

• mercury

• phosphorus

• magnesium

• neon

When the temperature is cold, Tim's tires look under-inflated. This is because the air molecules in the tire ________ causing their kinetic energy to _________ and volume to _______.

• stay the same, increase, expand

• slow down, decrease, contract

• speed up, decrease, stay the same

• multiply, increase, fluctuates

Explain the changes in molecular motion of particles as they change from solid to liquid to gas.

• As the phase changes occur, the freedom of motion of the particles is constant.

• As the phase changes occur, the freedom of motion of the particles compresses.

• As the phase changes occur, the freedom of motion of the particles increases.

• As the phase changes occur, the freedom of motion of the particles decreases.

When car tires are on hot pavement for too long, the pressure inside will ___________ and the volume within the tire will _____________.

• increase; increase and possibly result in a blowout

• decrease; remain unchanged

• increase; remain unchanged as long as the temperature is constantly rising

• increase; decrease due to deflation