Homework 4 - Due October 10th, 2022

Base your answer to this question on the cross section below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The cross section represents a section of Earth’s lithosphere along the coast of Japan. The epicenter of a large magnitude earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 is indicated. Devastation occurred mainly in the low-lying coastal areas of Japan closest to the epicenter. Letter A represents a geologic feature. Refer to Figure 1 and answer the following Question: What most likely caused the major devastation along the flat coastal areas of Japan as a result of this earthquake?

• crustal downwarping
• lava flows
• landslides
• a tsunami

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Base your answer to this question on the cross section below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The cross section represents a section of Earth’s lithosphere along the coast of Japan. The epicenter of a large magnitude earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 is indicated. Devastation occurred mainly in the low-lying coastal areas of Japan closest to the epicenter. Letter A represents a geologic feature. Refer to Figure 1 and answer the following Question: The geologic feature indicated by letter A is

• a hot spot
• an island arc
• an ocean trench
• an igneous intrusion

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Base your answer to this question on the cross section below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The cross section represents a section of Earth’s lithosphere along the coast of Japan. The epicenter of a large magnitude earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 is indicated. Devastation occurred mainly in the low-lying coastal areas of Japan closest to the epicenter. Letter A represents a geologic feature. Refer to Figure 1 and answer the following Question: Which type of tectonic plate boundary is represented in the cross-section?

• complex
• transform
• convergent
• divergent

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

What is occurring at the Southeast Indian Ridge?

• New oceanic crust is forming.
• Old oceanic crust is being destroyed.
• New continental crust is forming.
• Old continental crust is being destroyed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

The first S-wave reaches a seismic station 22 minutes after an earthquake occurred. How long did it take the first P-wave to reach the same seismic station?

• 8 minutes and 50 seconds
• 10 minutes 00 seconds
• 12 minutes 00 seconds
• 12 minutes and 50 seconds

Earthquake S-waves do not pass through which two interior Earth layers?

• rigid mantle and asthenosphere
• asthenosphere and stiffer mantle
• stiffer mantle and outer core
• outer core and inner core

If it takes a P-wave five minutes to travel from the epicenter of an earthquake to a seismic station, approximately how long will it take an S-wave to travel that same distance?

• 15 minutes
• 12 minutes
• 9 minutes
• 4 minutes

Which activity could best prepare residents along the Mediterranean coast to reduce the loss of human life during a future tsunami?

• Board up windows.
• Remove heavy objects from the walls in homes.
• Plan evacuation routes to higher ground.
• Build reinforced basements.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Base your answer to this question on the seismogram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Refer to Figure 2 and answer the following Question: Which statement best describes the arrival of P-waves and S-waves recorded at a station located closer to the epicenter of this same earthquake?

• The time difference between the arrival of the first P-wave and S-wave would be less than 4 minutes.
• The time difference between the arrival of the first P-wave and S-wave would be greater than 4 minutes.
• P-waves would be recorded, but no S-waves would arrive.
• S-waves would be recorded, but no P-waves would arrive.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The first P-wave of an earthquake took 11 minutes to travel to a seismic station from the epicenter of the earthquake. What is the seismic station’s distance to the epicenter of the earthquake and how long did it take for the first S-wave to travel that distance?

• Distance to epicenter: 3350 km S-wave travel time: 4 min 50 sec
• Distance to epicenter: 3350 km S-wave travel time: 6 min 10 sec
• Distance to epicenter: 7600 km S-wave travel time: 9 min
• Distance to epicenter: 7600 km S-wave travel time: 20 min

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3