Uniformed Protective Services Key Terms

Human and animal behaviour can be explained through the use of conditioning. Thoughts and feelings are not considered to influence behaviour and neither do inherited factors.

• Behaviourist Approach

• Psychodynamic Approach

• Humanistic approach

• Cognitive approach

The use of a familiar stimulus to influence behaviour towards a new stimulus by repeatedly pairing them together. E.g. Pavlov’s dog

• Operant Conditioning

• Classical Conditioning

The use of reinforcement, both positive and negative, to influence how new behaviours are learnt and how old behaviours are modified. E.g. the Skinner Box.

• Operant Conditioning

• Classical Conditioning

The use of positive reinforcement or reward following a particular behaviour to reinforce learning to ensure that the outcome is repeated.

• Stimulus

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Stimuli

The removal of an unfavourable outcome.

• Stimulus

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Stimuli

A thing or event that causes an individual to react.

• Order

• Scenario

• Stimulus

Individuals learn from observing others, imitating and modelling. E.g. Bandura’s Bobo Doll.

• Social Learning Theory

• Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

• Burger

• Pavlov’s Dog

Behaviour is explained by unconscious thoughts and emotions. E.g. Sigmund Freud’s iceberg analogy.

• Behaviourist Approach

• Psychodynamic approach

• Cognitive Approach

• Humanist Approach

The experiences of the senses in the here and now.

• Conscious Thinking

• Subconscious Mind

• Unconscious Mind

The easily accessible part of the mind that stores experiences, memories and skills.

• Conscious Thinking

• Subconscious Mind

• Unconscious Mind