Topic 2 Test

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."

- from The Declaration of Independence

This passage MOST accurately reflects the democratic ideals taken from

• The Dictionary

• The Consitution

• The Enlightenment

• The Magna Carta

Montesquieu is credited with devising the basic Constitutional principle of

• The Weather

• "Common Sense"

• Natural Law

• Separation of Power

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government..."

The Declaration of Independence, 1776

This passage BEST represents which of these theories in the Declaration of Independence?

• Social Contract Theory

• Separation of powers

• The Preamble

• Popular Sovereignty Theory

What is the name of the agreement that laid the foundation for a LIMITED MONARCHY in England?

• James Madison

• Benjamin Franklin

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The phrase in the Declaration of Independence stating "that governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed" illustrates the principle of

• equality before the law

• federalism

• the Social Contract theory

• judicial review

This philosopher separated the government into three branches of government and argued for separation of powers.

• Jefferson

• Locke

• Montesquieu

• Pythagoras

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are ____________."

• Freedom of Speech, Religion, and Press

• Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness

• the Right to Bear Arms

• the Right to a Fair and Speedy Trial

Which European philosopher proposed that dividing the government into three branches would prevent any one person or group from gaining total control?

• Thomas Hobbes

• Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• John Locke

Man being born with a title to perfect freedom, and enjoyment of all the rights and privileges of the law of nature, equally with any other man, hath by nature a power, not only to preserve his life, liberty and estate, against the injuries and attempts of other men; but to judge of, and punish the breaches of that law in others.

- from Two Treatises of Government, John Locke, 1690

John Locke's writing reflects the ideals of the Enlightenment in that

• civil society is not possible when men work to protect their property.

• there is no private property, and therefore no justice or injustice.

• men are created with equal rights and responsibilities under the law of nature.

• government must be ruled by a democracy, rather than by a monarch.