Environmental Marketing

Which group suggests the four areas need to be considered for identifying a product as being green?

• The Michael Porters Group

• Friends of the Earth International

• Justice League for Climate Change

• Greenpeace Group

According to Rahmansyah (2013) there should be considered to call a product as a green product  . Give only 3 characteristics of green product:

• a. toxic

  recycled or

  recyclable

  materials

  b. environmental

  harmful

  materials

  c. animal in

  product

  testing

• a. harmless

  during

  consumption

  b. use less

  energy and

  resources

  c. produce less

  rubbish from

  the package

• a. use

  simple

  packaging

  b. provide

  product

  refill

  c. contain

  no toxic

• a. use less

  energy and

  resources

  b. produce less

  rubbish from

  the package

  c. use

  environmental

  harmful

  materials

According to Solaiman, Osman & Halim (2015) there are areas of green product need to be considered for identifying a product as being green. What are those areas?

• Design, label, Innovative and Marketable

• Sustaining, Disruptive, Incremental and Radical

• Content, Positioning, Structure and Packaging

• Profit, Customer Satisfaction,

  Eco-Friendly and Harmless

According to McDaniel & Rylander (2018), they outlined that this concept have been misplaced to intensely satisfy customers’ needs only and disregard interest of the community and the environment.

• Marketing Management

• Marketing

• Approaches in Green Marketing 

• Level of Greenness

It is a reactive approach a company takes to counter critics from publics regarding to publication of its green stance.

• Level of Greenness

• Types of Approach

• Green Spinning

• Challenges in Practicing Green Marketing

It is an approach in which company does green in its marketing with minimum proportion in order to avoid possible negative consequences.

• Holistic Approach

• Defensive Approach

• Assertive Approach

• Green Harvesting

An approach where you use the ideas and concepts to decide how you're going to communicate your products to specifically chosen target audiences.

• Targeting

• Segmentation

• Positioning

• The STP Approach

It is defined as a business functioning in a capacity where no negative impact is made on the local or global environment, the community, or the economy.

• Social Business

• Green Business

• Social Enterprise

• Sustainable Business

It is about lying (by using indefinite terms), lying by omission (generating false claims) or lying through lack of clarity (manipulating claims to exclude necessary information).

• Greenwashing

• Environmental Brainwashing

• Environmental Whitebashing

• Claim Greenwashing

A method used to deal with those control standards of conduct such as ethics officers, ethics committees, or compliance officers.

• Confusion

• Fronting

• Bribing

• Posturing