Cells Unit Review

All living organisms are composed of one or more ________.

• Chloroplasts

• Cells

• Plants

• Organisms

Answer explanation

This is one part of the Cell Theory.

Which word describes an organisms ability to maintain steady internal conditions?

• Varible

• Homeostasis

• Positive feedback

• Energy

Answer explanation

Homeostasis refers to an organisms ability to maintain stable internal conditions.

What does it mean to be "semipermeable?"

• Doesn't allow any materials to pass through

• Allows everything to pass through

• Contains genetic material

• Allows some materials through but not all

Answer explanation

The cell membrane is semipermeable, meaning it allows some substances to pass through, but not all.

What is it called when WATER moves passively across the plasma membrane?

• Osmosis

• Active transport

• Dynamic Equilibrium

• Exocytosis

Answer explanation

Osmosis is the word we use to describe water moving across a membrane and it does not require energy.

When substances move against a concentration gradient, it is called what?

(From low concentration to high concentration.)

• Passive transport

• Active transport

Answer explanation

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against a concentration gradient.

Which organelle stores substances, such as water, in cells?

• Cell wall

• Chloroplast

• Vacuole

• Ribosome

Answer explanation

The vacuole stores water and can be very large in plant cells, and is often absent in animal cells.

What does the Golgi apparatus do?

• Ships materials throughout the cell

• Performs cellular respiration to make energy

• Makes proteins

• Performs photosynthesis to make sugars

Answer explanation

The mitochondria makes energy, ribosomes make proteins, and chloroplasts perform photosynthesis!

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have all of the following EXCEPT...

• Genetic material

• Nucleus

• Cell membrane

• Cytoplasm

Answer explanation

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.

______ are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms.

• Nuclei

• Bones

• Animals

• Cells

Answer explanation

This is part of the Cell Theory.

A solution that has a high concentration of solutes and causes the cell to shrivel is called...

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

Answer explanation

A hypertonic solution has a high concentration of solutes compared to water, causing water to leave the cell and enter the solution.